老年心血管病患者出院后体力活动及影响因素分析  

The status and influencing factors of physical activity in aged with cardiovascular diseases

作　　者：李雪玉[1] 崔蓉[2] 李宏伟[2] 赵沙沙[3] 王建荣[4] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市沈阳军区总医院护理部,110840 [2]解放军总政治部玉泉路干休所 [3]解放军总参谋部第七干休所 [4]解放军总医院护理部

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2015年第7期773-777,共5页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：军队保健专项科研课题(13BJZ54)

摘　　要：目的分析老年心血管病患者出院后体力活动及其影响因素,为进一步开展老年心血管病患者体力活动干预研究提供科学依据。方法使用自行设计的一般资料调查表、中文版慢性病管理体力活动量表和自我效能量表、Beck抑郁自评量表,采用便利抽样的方法,对北京市5家军队离退休老干部休养所的153例心血管病患者进行体力活动现况调查。结果 153例缺少增强肌力和灵活性的体能锻炼(M=0,Q=0);耐力锻炼时间基本达到相关指南要求(M=195min,Q=195min),活动方式多采取步行,但活动的强度未知;年龄、出院后时间和自我效能是耐力锻炼的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年心血管病患者的体能锻炼需加强,耐力锻炼的强度有待给予科学指导。保健人员应积极开展体力活动的干预研究,抓住医院至家庭过渡期的关键阶段,开展赋权教育提高患者的自我效能,并依据心血管病体力活动指南制订个体化的指导方案,力求带病老年人得到最大的健康获益。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of physical activity in military retired cadres with cardiovascular diseases. Methods A total of 153 military retired cadres with cardiovascular diseases were investigated using the Chinese version of Physical Activity and Self-Efficacy Scale in Chronic Disease Man- agement and Beck Self-Rating Depression Scale. Results The retired cadres lacked strength and flexibility exer- cises（M--0,Q--O）,and the duration of aerobic exercise was insufficient（M=195min,Q=195min）. Walking was prevalent among them,but the exercise intensity was not quantitative measured. Regression analysis indicated that age,dis- charged time and self-efficacy were influencing factors of physical activity. Conclusion Physical activity in military retired cadres with cardiovascular diseases needs to be strengthened and directed scientifically. According to the in- fluencing factors,health-care staff should provide empowerment education and exercise protocol in the transitional period for discharged military retired cadres.

关 键 词：老年人 心血管疾病 日常生活活动 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]