生物质棉纤维再生纤维素膜的制备与性能分析  

Preparation and characterization of regenerated cellulose membranes from natural cotton fiber

作　　者：曹延娟 辛斌杰[1] 吴湘济[1] 杜卫平 

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学服装学院,上海201620 [2]上海纺织控股(集团)公司,上海200336

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2015年第3期269-278,共10页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：校立研究生科研创新项目(A-0903-13-01116)

摘　　要：以天然生物质棉纤维为原料,采用氯化锂/N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(Li Cl/DMAC)溶解体系对其进行活化处理,配置不同质量分数的纤维素有机溶液系列,在不同凝固浴条件下,采用KW-4A匀胶机高速旋涂成膜和AFA-Ⅱ自动涂膜器低速平推成膜2种工艺,制备再生纤维素薄膜系列。通过运用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和表面接触角测试仪等分析设备对再生纤维素膜的大分子结构、力学性能、结晶度、热稳定性和表面浸润性进行各项性能的系列化表征,研究纤维素质量分数、凝固浴种类、制膜工艺对膜性能的影响。实验结果表明:采用KW-4A匀胶机高速成膜工艺、凝固浴为水浴、纤维素质量分数为3.5%时,制备的再生纤维素膜的各项性能最佳;与天然生物质棉纤维相比,再生纤维素膜结晶度变化很大,热稳定性与棉纤维变化趋势一致但有一定程度下降,表面浸润性良好。A series of organic solutions with different cellulose concentrations are prepared by dissolving natural cotton fibers in lithium chloride/dimethyl acetamide （LiCI/DMAC） solvent system after the activation of cotton fibers. Under different coag- ulating bath, the regenerated cellulose membranes are formed in two kinds of coagulation baths, and two coating methods inclu- ding high-speed spin technique （KW-4A spin coating machine） and low-speed scraping （AFA-Ⅱ Film Applicator） are selected in this paper. The macromolecular structure, mechanical properties, crystallinity, thermal stability and wetting property of the regenerated cellulose membrane are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）, Fourier Transform Infrared Spec- troscopy （FT-IR） ,X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Thermogravimetric analysis （TG） and contacting angle tester. The effects of mass fraction, coagulation bath type, membrane forming process on the regenerated membrane properties are investigated. Experi- mental results show that the performance of regenerated cellulose membrane is relatively excellent under the condition of using the KW-4A high-speed spin method, water coagulation bath, and when mass fraction of cellulose is 3.5%. The crystallinity of the regenerated cellulose membrane changes a lot compared with natural cotton fibers. The variation trend of thermal stability issimilar with that of cotton fiber. But thermal stability is reduced to some degree, while the wetting ability is improved obviously.

关 键 词：化学纤维纺织 天然纤维素纤维 LiCl/DMAC 活化 再生纤维素膜 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]