滨海盐碱地不同耐盐草本植物土壤养分动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Soil Nutrients of Salt-tolerant Herbaceous Plants in Coastal Saline Soil

作　　者：潘洁[1] 王立艳[1] 肖辉[1] 程文娟[1] 杨勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津300381 [2]天津市农作物研究所,天津300381

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第18期168-172,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"环渤海天津增粮技术集成与示范"(2013BAD05B08);天津市农业科学院院长基金项目"不同耐盐植物根际土壤盐分和养分的动态变化规律"(11012)

摘　　要：为探求不同耐盐草本植物对滨海盐碱地生物改良效果,促进盐碱地土壤理化性质向良性循环方向发展,在天津大港地区以盐碱荒地为对照,选取4种耐盐草本植物(田菁、苜蓿、苏丹草、碱蓬)进行试验研究。经过2年(2012—2013)的试验研究,分析了不同耐盐植物对滨海盐碱地土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾的影响。结果表明:随着生育期的延长,4种耐盐植物土壤有机质含量整体变化趋于平稳,土壤速效氮含量表现出逐渐下降的趋势,土壤速效磷整体上表现出了下降的趋势,而土壤速效钾含量与前三者均不同,均表现出了逐渐上升的趋势。耐盐植物处理随着生育期的延长,土壤N/P、N/K、P/K的差异显著性变化趋势表现不同。土壤N/P和P/K的差异显著性变化趋势均表现不同;土壤N/K差异显著性变化趋势表现一致,均表现出逐渐降低。4种耐盐草本植物对土壤有机质、速效氮磷钾的改良效果存在着差异,其中碱蓬处理对于增加土壤有机质效果显著,苜蓿处理对于提高土壤速效氮磷钾含量效果显著。In order to investigate the bio-reclamation effect of different salt-tolerant herbaceous plants on coastal saline soil, and promote the development of physical and chemical properties of saline alkali soil into a virtuous circle direction, coastal saline soil hosted four salt-tolerant herbaceous plants （Sesbania cannabina, Medicago sativa, Sorghum sudanense, Suaeda salsa） in the Dagang farm of Tianjin City was researched with the saline alkali wasteland as the control. The field experiment was conducted for 2 years （2012-2013） and soil organic matter, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus and soil available potassium were analyzed. The results showed that the four salt-tolerant herbaceous plants had different effects on soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphor and available potassium. The content of soil organic matter showed a stable overall change, soil available nitrogen content presented a decreasing trend, soil available phosphorus overall showed a downward trend, while the soil available potassium content showed a gradual upward trend which was different from the former three. Trends of soil N/P, N/K and P/K had significant differences with the extension of the growing period of salt-tolerant plant. Suaeda salsa had the most effective function of improving the soil organic matter, Alfalfa had the most effective function of increasing the content of available N, available P and available K.

关 键 词：滨海盐碱地 生物改良 碱蓬 苜蓿 

分 类 号：S153.5[农业科学—土壤学] S156.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]