施用农用氢氧化镁对白菜、晚稻产量及土壤镁素的影响  

Effect of Applying Agriculture-used Magnesium Hydroxide on the Yield of Cabbage,Late Rice and Content of Soil Magnesium

作　　者：余广兰 

机构地区：[1]福建省闽清县土壤肥料技术站,福建闽清350800

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第17期151-155,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部测土配方施肥补贴项目(农办财[2013]18号);福建省测土配方施肥项目[闽财(农)指(2013)153号]

摘　　要：闽清县耕地土壤有78.3%属缺镁水平。为探索施镁肥对农作物增产效果,以农用氢氧化镁为供试肥料,选用本地区种植面积较大、对镁元素敏感的白菜、晚稻两作物进行田间试验,分别按镁肥用量不同设5个水平,氢氧化镁肥全部采用全层基施。结果表明,施用镁肥均不同程度提高了水稻分蘖期与齐穗期叶绿素含量。适宜用量范围内,施用氢氧化镁均提高了白菜、晚稻产量,其中白菜、晚稻分别以氢氧化镁用量225、120 kg/hm2增产效果最佳,分别增幅12.7%与9.1%,经济效益分别增效12423.9、1410元/hm2。但晚稻用量超过120 kg/hm2,产量显著下降。在最高产量下的施镁肥水平,与CK相比,种植白菜与晚稻田块土壤有效镁分别增加14.3与11.3 mg/kg。在土壤有效镁基本相当条件下,晚稻对镁肥较白菜表现敏感,过多反而减产。总之,闽清县在白菜与晚稻上施用氢氧化镁,既增产增收又能提高土壤有效镁的含量,促进耕地养分平衡,但需掌握合理用量。78.3% of arable land in Mingqing, Fujian is deficient in magnesium. In order to explore the effects of agricuhure-used magnesium hydroxide on the yield of cabbage and late rice and soil magnesium content, field experiments includes 5 different levels of application rates of magnesium were conducted, and magnesium hydroxide fertilizer was basal applied, cabbage and late rice were chosen as materials, which had large cultivated area and sensitive to magnesium. The results showed that the application of magnesium hydroxide increased rice chlorophyll content in tillering stage and full heading stage. Under proper dosage, the application of magnesium hydroxide could increase the yield of cabbage and late rice, and the best application amounts were 225 and 120 kg/hm^2, which could increase economic benefit 12423.9 and 1410 yuan/hm^2, and the increase rates were 12.7% and 9.1%, respectively. The late rice yield decreased significantly when the application amount of magnesium hydroxide was above 120 kg/hm2. The contents of available magnesium in cabbage and late rice soil under the highest yield magnesium hydroxide application level increased 14.3 and 11.3 mg/kg, respectively. Late rice was more sensitive to magnesium than cabbage under the same soil available magnesium level, too much available magnesium could lead to the reduction of yield. Proper application of magnesium hydroxide in cabbage and late rice could increase yield and soil available magnesium amount and promote the balance of soil nutrient.

关 键 词：氢氧化镁 白菜 晚稻 产量 有效镁 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学] S158.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]