成孔机构与土壤相互作用的力学模型及应用  

Establishment and Application of the Interactional Mechanical Model Between Hole Forming Device and Soil

作　　者：向伟[1,2,3] 吴明亮[1,2,3] 官春云[3,4] 徐玉娟[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省现代农业装备工程技术研究中心,长沙410128 [3]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙4101284 [4]湖南农业大学油料作物研究所,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第17期255-261,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目"稻板田油菜移栽机械关键技术与装备研究"(13A038);湖南省政府重大专项"湖南双季稻区油菜早熟品种选育和机械化生产技术研究与生产示范机械化生产部分"(湘府阅[2014]35号);湖南省科技厅平台建设项目"湖南省现代农业装备工程技术研究中心"(湘财教指[2014]10号)

摘　　要：为实现油菜移栽机成孔机构形成满足农艺要求的栽植孔,并为设计新型移栽机提供理论依据,针对不同类型土壤具有不同物理机械力学特性等问题,进行成孔机构与土壤相互作用力学试验研究。分析土壤极限抗剪承载力Qu与土壤摩擦阻力Qf的计算公式,建立成孔机构与土壤相互作用的力学模型,完成不同类型土壤的物理机械力学特性指标的测定,结合成孔机构相关结构参数,求解圆柱形孔刺垂直刺入土壤75 cm处所受抗剪阻力Ff1与垂直弹出土壤时所受摩擦阻力Ff2,得出圆柱形孔刺在不同类型土壤中,其抗剪阻力Ff1最大值1139.7 N,摩擦阻力Ff2最大值达到107.6 N。该研究为设计栽植孔成型机构提供了试验依据,为进一步研究不同类型土壤与成孔机构的阻力提供了理论依据。In order to satisfy the agronomic requirements of the planting hole formed by the hole torming device of rape transplanter, and provide theory basis for a new design of transplanter, the study of the interaction between pore forming mechanism and soil was conducted according to different soil types with different physical and mechanical properties. The formulas of ultimate shear bearing capacity Qf and soil frictional resistance Qf were deduced, the mechanical models of interaction between hole forming device and soil were established, the parameters of soil physical and mechanical properties of different soil types were determined. Combined the structural parameter of hole forming device, the ultimate shear bearing capacity of soil Ff2 which was produced when the cylindrical hole thorn thrust into soil depth of 75 cm and the soil frictional resistance Ff2 which was produced when the cylindrical hole thorn out of soil were calculated. The results showed that the maximum ultimate shear bearing capacity of soil was up to 1139.7 N and the maximum soil frictional resistance was up to 107.6 N when the cylindrical hole thorn thrust into soil and out of soil. The research provided data and theory for designing hole forming device and further study on the interaction force between different kinds of soil and hole forming device.

关 键 词：成孔机构 土壤 力学模型 抗剪承载力 摩擦阻力 

分 类 号：S223.99[农业科学—农业机械化工程]