激光跟踪仪的光电瞄准与定位系统  

Optoelectronic aiming and orientation system of laser tracker

作　　者：刘娇月[1,2] 杨聚庆[3,2] 董登峰[2] 周维虎[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业职业技术学院,河南南阳473009 [2]中国科学院光电研究院,北京100094 [3]北京工业大学应用数理学院,北京100124

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2015年第6期1558-1564,共7页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：科技部国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项资助项目(No.2011YQ120022);中国科学院科研装备研制项目(No.090206A01Y);北京工业大学研究生科技基金资助项目(No.ykj-2014-11443)

摘　　要：考虑激光跟踪仪的光电瞄准与定位直接影响仪器的整体测量精度和使用性能,讨论了激光跟踪仪的光电瞄准和跟踪定位控制技术并提出了光电探测瞄准、信号调理采集、数字处理及智能跟踪伺服的系统整体技术方案。对系统关键部件进行选型,利用角锥棱镜和位敏探测器(PSD)作为光电探测核心,设计了探测光路和信号处理电路。研制了系统样机,搭建了目标位移量标准测试平台,对样机光电瞄准系统探测信号进行了测试。测试结果显示:采用该设计方案设计的激光跟踪仪样机的静态定位测量精度达到6μm,随机动态跟踪测量速度大于1m/s。结果表明:提出的方法可解决激光跟踪仪定位精度低、动态跟踪效果差等常见问题,可为研制高精度、大范围、大尺寸测量仪器提供技术参考。As the optoelectronic aiming and orientation of an optoelectronic tracker effect directly the overall measurement accuracy and operational performance of instruments, this paper proposes an improved design scheme. Firstly, the optoelectronic aiming and orientation control technology of the laser tracker was analyzed, and a systemic technological scheme for optoelectronic detection and aiming, signal regulate acquisition, digital signal processing and intelligent tracking servo was proposed. The key components in the system were selected, and the detection optical path and signal processing circuit were designed by using a cube-corner prism and a Position Sensing Detector（PSD） as the photoelectric detecting core. Then, a system prototype was developed and a standard test platform for target displacement was established to test the detecting signals of photoelectronic aiming system in the prototype. The tested results demonstrate that the proposed system performance index has achieved, in which the static precision of the position measurement is up to 6μm, and the stochastic dynamic tracking measurement speed is greater than 1 m/s. It shows that the proposed method improves orientation accuracy and tracking effect of the laser tracker and provides reference for development of measurement instruments with high accuracy and large-scale fields.

关 键 词：激光跟踪仪 光电瞄准 光电跟踪 定位系统 位敏探测器 信号处理 

分 类 号：TP273.5[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN247[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]