天基光学同步带目标监视跟踪模式  

GEO Objects Surveillance and Tracking Mode of Space-based Optical System

作　　者：周美江 朱振才[1] 杨根庆[1] 吴会英[1] 胡海鹰[1] 张晟宇 

机构地区：[1]上海微小卫星工程中心,上海201203

出　　处：《中国空间科学技术》2015年第3期35-43,49,共10页Chinese Space Science and Technology

摘　　要：目前的天基空间目标观测模式多利用自然交会方式,在长时间观测的基础上实现对空间目标的遍历,模式规划中未考虑地气光反照对观测效率的影响。文章基于天基平台太阳同步轨道的特点,在传统自然交会模式的基础上引入姿态协同,新规划了两种同步带目标观测模式。将地气光反照对天基空间目标观测的影响量化为相机的离轴角约束,引入模式规划,得到的观测模式即为不受地气光反照影响的观测模式,具有工程实际应用价值,然后对几种观测模式的观测效率从姿态模式、遍历时长、观测弧长等方面进行了评价。理论分析和仿真结果均表明,区域凝视在对同步带目标编目方面具有明显优势,遍历时间小于1天,姿态模式相对简单,观测弧段相对较长。Currently, the most commonly used pattern in space target observation of space-based optical system is natural intersection mode which needs a long coverage period, and the effect of atmosphere radiation of the earth on space target observation is not estimated. Based on the characteristics of space-based platforms on sun-synchronous orbit, several observation modes for GEO targets were planned and analyzed, transforming the effect of atmosphere radiation of earth on space target observation into a camera off-axis angle constraints, which is valuable for engineering application. The observation efficiency was evaluated from several aspects such as attitude modes, coverage time and observing arc. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the regional staring mode has a big advantage for GEO object observation. The coverage time is less than 24 hours, while the attitude mode is comparatively simple, and the observing arc is longer.

关 键 词：同步带探测 地气光反照 相机离轴角 观测模式 覆盖效率 航天器 

分 类 号：V556[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]