东洞庭湖区钉螺自然消亡与水位关系分析  

Analysis of relationship between natural death of Oncomelania hupensis snails and water level in Eastern Dongting Lake district

作　　者：高建川[1,2] 周艺彪[1,2] 李林瀚[1,2] 伍劲屹[1,2] 郑盛邦[1,2] 宋秀霞[1,2] 何忠 蔡斌 游加边 姜庆五[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,教育部公共卫生安全重点实验室 [2]复旦大学热带病研究中心,上海200032 [3]湖南省岳阳市君山区血吸虫病防治工作领导小组办公室 [4]湖南省岳阳市君山区血吸虫病防治站 [5]湖南省岳阳市钱粮湖血吸虫病防治站

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2015年第3期302-305,共4页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30872159)

摘　　要：目的 比较三峡建坝前后东洞庭湖钉螺自然消亡洲滩和有螺洲滩水淹天数的差异,探究钉螺自然消亡的原因。方法 选取东洞庭湖钉螺自然消亡洲滩（钱粮湖）和有螺洲滩（君山公园）各1块,以20 m×20 m机械布点,对各检测点进行螺情调查,同时测量检测点的高程以及收集相应水文站的水位数据,计算各自水淹天数。结果 钱粮湖钉螺自然消亡洲滩的历年水淹天数均多于君山公园有螺洲滩（P〈0.01）;对于钱粮湖洲滩,钉螺自然消亡前与消亡后至建坝前水淹天数的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而消亡前、消亡后至建坝前的水淹天数均多于建坝后（P1〈0.05,P2〈0.01）;三峡建坝前,钱粮湖钉螺自然消亡洲滩水淹天数多于建坝后（P〈0.05）,君山公园有螺洲滩水淹天数也多于建坝后（P〈0.01）;君山公园洲滩钉螺密度同水淹天数未见明显的相关（rs=0.008,P〉0.05）,所有有螺框检测点水淹天数的95%参考值范围为76~251 d。结论 在东洞庭湖,水淹时间的长短和三峡大坝的建立运行可能不是钉螺自然消亡的直接原因,而后者有可能改变钉螺的分布范围。Objective To study the reasons of natural death of Oncomelania hupensis snails by comparing the differences of the indicator days covered with water DCW in snail marshland and non-snail marshland around the build of Three Gorges Dam in Eastern Dongting Lake areas. Methods Two marshlands were selected one was a non-snail marshland Qianliang Lake and another was a snail marshland Junshan Park . The measuring points were set through the mechanical sampling. The snails and elevation of the points were surveyed and the data of the water levels from the hydrological station were collected and then DCWs were calculated. Results From 1995 to 2013 DCWs of the marshland of natural death of snails were all more than that of the snail marshland P〈0.01 . In Qianliang Lake marshland the difference between DCW before natural death and DCW from natural death until the dam was not significant P=0.23 while DCWs of the two stages both were more than that after the dam P1=0.045 P2=0.002 . Before the build of the dam DCW of the Qianliang Lake marshland of natural death of snails was more than that after the build of the dam P=0.013 and there was the same situation in Junshan Park marshland P=0.005 . The relationship between snail density and DCW was not significant in Junshan Park marshland rs=0.008 P=0.914 and the reference range of DCW of all the measuring points was 76-251 days. Conclusion In the eastern Dongting Lake district the build of Three Gorges Dam and DCW may be not the direct factors affecting the natural death of snails and the latter may change the distribution of snails.

关 键 词：键词]钉螺 三峡工程 水位 自然消亡 东洞庭湖 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]