有限元法分析不同截肢术后胫腓骨远端的应力和位移变化  

Finite Element Analysis of the Distal Tibia and Fibula Stress and Displacement Change after Different Transtibial Amputation

作　　者：宋登新[1] 曹云[1] 何小文[1] 丁徐[1] 易成腊[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市第一人民医院宝山分院骨科,上海200940 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院创伤外科,武汉430030

出　　处：《生物医学工程研究》2015年第2期85-88,105,共5页Journal Of Biomedical Engineering Research

基　　金：上海市宝山区科技发展基金资助项目(11-E-24)

摘　　要：建立小腿传统截肢和骨肌肉成形切断术两种手术的动物模型,在Simpleware 6.0和Abaqus 6.12软件中建立两种实体模型和有限元模型。通过模拟生理条件下应力做加载,进行有限元分析,计算表明在相同的负载条件下,骨肌肉成形切断术残端胫腓骨的相对位移在对抗屈曲、伸直、压缩载荷时比传统截肢术明显减少;胫腓上联合的相对位移在对抗屈曲、伸直、外展载荷时比传统截肢术明显减少,而对抗内收载荷时则明显增加。骨肌肉成形切断术残端在对抗屈曲、伸直、外展、压缩和旋转载荷时腓骨承受的应力比传统截肢术明显增加,而胫腓上联合的应力比传统截肢术明显降低。因此,骨肌肉成形切断术利用腓骨骨桥增加腓骨承受力并稳定上胫腓联合,消除腓骨在受力时存在的不稳定,具有良好的生物力学效果。Animal models of two kinds of transtibial amputation were established—the traditional transtibial amputation model and transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation model.Two kinds of entity model and finite element model were established in Simpleware 6.0 and Abaqus 6.12 software.By simulating the physiological loading,the displacement and stress changes of tibia and fibula distal were calculated by finite element analysis.In the same load conditions,the maximum relative displacement between the tibia and fibula in transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation model was significantly reduced than in traditiona lamputation model when stump against buck-ling,extension,vertical load;the relative displacement in the tibiofibular joint in transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation model was signif-icantly reduced than in traditional amputation model when against buckling,extension,abduction load,while that was significantly in-creased than in traditional amputation model when against adduction load.When stump against buckling,extension,abduction,vertical and rotation load,fibular stress in transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation model was significantly increased,while the stress of tibiofibular joint in transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation model was significantly reduced.The endurance and stability of proximal tibiofibular joint was increased by fibula bone bridge in transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation,the instability of fibula was reduced when loaded.The technique of transtibial osteomyoplastic amputation has a better biomechanical effect.

关 键 词：小腿截肢 腓骨骨桥 有限元分析 生物力学 动物模型 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]