小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林林隙边缘木的特征  

Characteristics of gap border trees in Picea asperata and Abies nephrolepis forest of Xiaoxing'an Mountains

作　　者：景鑫[1] 段文标[1] 陈立新[1] 王婷[1] 张鑫[1] 秦必达 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2015年第3期104-110,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金"小兴安岭冷杉林风倒区掘根微立地和微环境特征及植物多样性"(C2015057);国家自然科学基金"阔叶红松混交林林隙凋落物分解-养分释放和他感作用对红松天然更新的影响"(31270666);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项资金项目"阔叶红松林不同大小林隙微气候和树种更新的研究"(RC2012LX002018);人力资源与社会保障部留学回国人员科技活动择优启动项目"阔叶红松混交林连根拔起倒木和坑丘特征"(2012-258)

摘　　要：在全面调查32个林隙的358株云冷杉林林隙边缘木的胸径、树高、冠幅等的基础上,分析林隙边缘木的胸径级和高度级特征、偏冠率分布及其与林隙面积大小的关系;采用Weibull模型和正态分布模型分别对胸径级和高度级分布进行拟合,并用柯尔莫哥洛夫和卡方检验对其适合程度进行检验。结果表明：1）所调查林隙边缘木的胸径级不符合正态分布,但符合Weibull分布,林隙边缘木高度级既符合Weibull分布又符合正态分布;2）15.08%的边缘木未出现偏冠现象,65.36%的边缘木偏冠率在0.5~0.7之间,不同树种边缘木的特征差异极显著,单个林隙边缘木平均偏冠率与林隙面积大小无显著的线性关系;3）拥有10株边缘木的林隙比例最高,为21.88%,平均每个林隙拥有11.19株边缘木。The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics of diameter at breast height（ DBH） classes and tree height classes of 358 gap border trees（ GBTs）,and analyze the relationships among DBH class,tree height class,distribution of rate of crown inclination（ RCI） and forest gap size.The gap border trees were selected from 32 gaps. We fit the distributions of DBH and tree height classes with Weibull and normal distribution models,and then verified their fitness by Kolmogorov and Chisquare tests. The results showed that the distribution of DBH classes of GBTs followed Weibull distribution rather than normal distribution,but the distribution of tree height classes complied with both Weibull and normal distributions. The RCI of 65. 36% of GBTs ranged from 0. 5 to 0. 7 while 15. 08% of GBTs had regular crowns. There was a highly significant difference in RCIs between different tree species. No significantly linear correlation could be found between mean RCI in a single gap and its size of area. The proportion of gap with 10 GBTs was the highest,reaching 21. 88%,and each gap had averagely 11. 19 GBTs.

关 键 词：云冷杉林 林隙 边缘木 威布尔分布 偏冠率 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学] S791.4