稻田氮素淋失测定方法的研究进展  

A Review of Methods to Determine Nitrogen Leaching in Paddy Fields

作　　者：张敏[1,2] 田玉华[1] 尹斌[1] 朱兆良[1] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤》2015年第3期440-445,共6页Soils

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项(201003014);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB127400)资助

摘　　要：氮素淋溶是稻田氮素向周围水体迁移的重要途径,氮以NO3–-N淋溶的形式进入水体,造成的地下水污染问题越来越引起人们的关注,有关稻田氮素淋溶的损失已开展了许多研究,所采用的研究方法不一。本文总结讨论了稻田土壤氮素淋溶的常用测定方法,主要包括土壤溶液提取法、原状土柱法、土钻取样法以及计算机模拟法和同位素示踪等方法,分别对其优缺点以及应用进行了阐述;同时对计算氮素渗漏总量的方法进行了总结,主要包括水分平衡法、达西定律法、小区渗漏池法和大型原状土柱等方法,以期为稻田氮素淋溶损失的相关研究提供技术支持和科学依据。Nitrogen leaching is an important pathway of nitrogen （N） loss from paddy fields to surrounding water, contributing nitrate pollution to groundwater. Different methods have been employed to study N leaching. In order to provide science and technology supports for study on nitrogen leaching, a summary of various study methods and their advantages or disadvantages were presented in this paper, including soil solution extractor, monolith lysimeter, soil drilling and sampling, computer models methods and stable isotope techniques, and the calculation of the nitrogen leaching, including water balance method, Darcy law method, small lysimctcr method and large-scale monolish lysimeter method were also concluded in this paper.

关 键 词：稻田 氮素淋溶 测定方法 渗漏量 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S153.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]