二甲戊灵胁迫下的土壤酶活性变化  

Change of soil Enzyme Activities under the Pendimethalin Stress

作　　者：金前[1] 贾会娟[1] 李雪玲[1] 王中[1] 梁友[1] 王欢喜[1] 周一凡[1] 杨德松[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用自治区普通高校重点实验室/石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第5期889-894,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家大学生创新计划(201410759053);大学生训练研究计划(SRP2014192)

摘　　要：【目的】为二甲戊灵的安全使用和对农业生态的风险性评估提供科学依据。【方法】室内试验研究不同浓度的二甲戊灵对土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、脱氢酶、蔗糖酶活性的影响。【结果】培养期间（0-60 d）高浓度二甲戊灵（2 000 g/hm^2）对脲酶表现为激活作用,低浓度二甲戊灵（400、800、1 200 g/hm^2）对脲酶表现为抑制作用,并且随着浓度的降低,抑制作用逐渐增强;各处理对碱性磷酸酶活性的影响没有规律性;各处理对脱氢酶活性与蔗糖酶活性的影响比较一致,浓度越高激活作用越强。【结论】高浓度二甲戊灵（1 600-2 000 g/hm^2）对土壤酶活性影响较大,大田推荐浓度800-1 200 g/hm^2,对土壤影响较小,对环境安全。【Objective】The aim of this research is to provide the scientific basis for the safety of handling pesticides and the agricultural ecological risk assessment.【Method】An experiment was conducted to study the effects of pendimethalin at six concentrations（ 0,400,800,1 200,1 600,2 000 g / hm^2） on enzyme activities,including urease,alkaline phosphatase,dehydrogenase,catalase.【Result】The results showed that urease activity was activated on the high concentration（ 500 g / hm^2）,while inhibited at low concentrations（ 400,800,1200 g / hm^2） during the cultural stage（ 0- 60 d）,the inhibitory action increased significantly with the pendimethalin concentration decreasing during cultural time. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was not regular for all treatments. The effects of pendithalin on dehydrogenase and saccharase were consistent,and the higher concentrations,the stronger the pendimethalin was activated.【Conclusion】These findings suggested that application of high concentration pendimethalin affected soil enzyme activities,and the field recommended dose was 800-1 200 g / hm^2 which was safe for environment and exerted less influence on soil.

关 键 词：二甲戊灵 土壤酶 酶活性 激活 抑制 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]