63例预防接种差错原因分析  

63 cases of vaccination errors and its causes

作　　者：张冬梅[1] 徐英[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省宜昌市三峡大学校医院保健科,湖北宜昌443002 [2]湖北省宜昌市疾病预防控制中心,湖北宜昌443005

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第13期2461-2463,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 剖析十年宜昌市预防接种差错发生的原因,为安全接种制定适宜预防对策。方法 采用回顾调查方法收集全市2004-2013年间接种差错监测相关数据,发生率比较采用卡方检验。结果 2004-2013年10年间全市发生预防接种差错63例,发生率波动在0.37/10万~1.65/10万,平均发生率0.73/10万。实施扩大免疫规划策略前5年接种差错率为1.03/10万,后5年发生率为0.57/10万。预防接种差错原因居前三位从高至低依次为用错疫苗19例（占30.16%）、剂量过大或重复接种12例（占19.05%）、接种途径错误11例（占17.46%）。差错事件疫苗以国家免疫规划一类疫苗,尤其是多人份疫苗为主。结论 加强预防接种工作规范制度的落实,做好岗前培训考核是安全接种的重要环节,也是减少或杜绝接种差错的法宝。Objective To analyze the causes of vaccination errors of Yichang in the past decade, so as to provide guidelines for safe vaccination. Methods The interrelated data of vaccination errors from 2004 to 2013 were retrospectively investigated in the paper.The comparison of incidence was analyzed by Chi-square test. Results 63 cases of vaccination errors occurred between 2004 and2013. The incidence ranged from 0.37 to 1.65 per 100 000 persons. The average incidence was 0.73 per 100 000 persons. 5 years before the expansion of vaccination, the error rate was 1.03 per 100 000 persons. 5 years after the expansion of vaccination, the error rate was 0.57 per 100 000 persons. The major three causes of vaccination errors were： 19 cases of wrong vaccines（30.16%）, 12 cases of excessive dosage or revaccination（19.05%） and 11 cases of vaccination route error（17.46%）. The vaccines in the event of vaccination errors were mainly under the National Immunization Scheme, especially the multiple doses. Conclusion Standardizing the operation sequence of vaccination and reinforcing the assessment of pre-post training can largely reduce or even prevent the vaccination errors.

关 键 词：接种差错 预防措施 分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]