拉萨高原环境点型感烟探测器工程参数调整研究  

Study on the point-type smoke detector adjustment under high altitude

作　　者：王进军[1] 张永明[1] 方俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第3期101-104,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：气压对燃烧过程影响显著,常压环境下的火灾探测器标准不适用于高原环境。以高原环境下的点型感烟火灾探测器为研究对象,根据合肥及拉萨两地的国标探测器正庚烷标准火测试对比试验,研究高原环境对火灾烟气及点型离子、光电感烟探测器响应规律的影响。结果表明,对于相同火源,光电感烟探测器在高原环境下的响应明显弱于常压环境,而离子感烟感测器所受影响相对较小。依据试验结果,提出高原环境下点型感烟探测器的工程参数调整建议。The purpose of this paper is to introduce an adjustable method for smoke-fire identification and resolution in the areas of high altitude plateaus and provide useful reference for the smoke-fire detector design for the said areas. As is known,Tibetan plateau is the highest place in the world,which is highly characteristic for its economic and social development. Since most parts of the Tibetan Autonomous Region are situated in the areas over 3 000 meters,it enjoys much less atmospheric pressure and less oxygen density than the normal planes,which accounts for the great difference in smokefire behaviors. Seeing the above said tremendous difference and variety of the climatic and atmospheric factors,we have conducted detailed experimental investigations and comparisons in the ways for smoke-fire detection in the ISO standard fire testing rooms in Hefei and Lhasa respectively via the same case study n-heptane testing fire samples. In hoping to heighten the credibility of the results of our investigation and testing results,we have managed to repeat the same n-heptane standard fire tests for over 5 times,and then chosen the most consistent mean processed results from the three groups of the experimental data as the favorable final results. And,finally,the differences between the experimental results of Lhasa and Hefei demonstrate that the low atmospheric pressure tends to bring significant impact on the fire combustion and detector responses. And,in conclusion,we can say that for the same smoke-fire,the signals of both photoelectric and ionization smoke detectors in high-altitude Tibetan areas turn to appear lower than those in the normal plain areas of different levels if it is necessary to adjust the sensitivity of photoelectric smoke-fire detectors properly with the purpose to keep the detector＇s availability at high altitudes. The experimental results also indicate that lower atmospheric pressure in Lhasa does not tend to affect the sensitivity of ionization detector obviously. Later,we have discovered reasons

关 键 词：安全工程 高原低压 火灾探测 点型感烟探测器 响应特性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]