恶臭物质的嗅觉阈值与致臭机理研究概况与展望  

Research advances and prospects on the olfactory threshold of odor substance and its formation mechanism

作　　者：李伟芳[1] 耿静[1] 翟增秀[1] 闫凤越[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市环境保护科学研究院,国家环境保护恶臭污染控制重点实验室,天津300191

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第3期327-330,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21207098);国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2012YQ060165)

摘　　要：嗅阈值是表征气味物质特性的重要指标,对认识异味污染的形成机理、恶臭评估及污染控制有重要意义。围绕嗅阈值的测定方法、嗅阈值与分子结构的关系及复合臭气评估模型,论述国内外相关研究的概况,在指出现有研究不足的同时,提出有待解决的关键问题及重点研究内容。The present paper can by nature be taken as a research review on the advances in the study of the olfactory threshold. As is known,olfactory is one of the headache problems to be overcome in modern food industry. It is also a problem hard to be defined in the characteristics of the odor substances. It is just due to its particular nature that scientists and experts in this area in Europe,Japan and USA have been working unremittingly to solve it.However,due to the random panel teams and different versions of the definitions on the odor threshold,there has been existing great variance in the testing results given by the different laboratories.In recent years,lots of Chinese researchers have begun to pay more and more attention to the investigation and analysis of the odor threshold,though most of the researches still focus their attention on looking for the threshold of the food flavor substances.While in the environmental protection area,researchers and governors pay great attention to the recognition of the threshold,the odor characteristics of some chemical compounds basically depend on its molecular structure and functional groups. Therefore,the odor thresholds of the particular odor substances can only be forecast by establishing the quantitative relationship between the odor threshold and the molecular structure. In recent years,researchers both at home and abroad have been trying to disclose the relationship between the food flavor thresholds and their molecular structures by using the method of the quantitative structure activity relationships（ QSAR）. Nevertheless,since the current researches are unsystematic with their results lacking in universal significance,the influence and contributions of each constituent and the composite malodorous gases may all depend on its contents and odor thresholds. Traditionally speaking,＂the total model＂or＂the maximum model＂are not qualified enough to be used for estimating the odor sensory concentration,neither can they be used to evaluate the contributions of

关 键 词：环境学 恶臭物质 嗅觉阈值 分子结构 复合臭气评价 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]