利用全基因组SNP芯片分析油菜遗传距离与杂种优势的关系  

Correlation Analysis Between Heterosis and Genetic Distance Evaluated by Genome-Wide SNP Chip in Brassica napus

作　　者：桑世飞 王会[1,2] 梅德圣[1] 刘佳[1] 付丽[1] 王军[1,3,2] 汪文祥[1] 胡琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心/农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,武汉430062 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]贵州省油料作物研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2015年第12期2469-2478,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家“973”计划(2011CB109302);国家“863”计划(2011AA10A104);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2011BAD35B04);湖北农业科技创新中心;中国农业科学院科技创新工程

摘　　要：【目的】利用单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,简称SNP)标记估算油菜优异亲本间的遗传距离,分析其与杂种优势间的关系,探讨利用SNP标记预测油菜杂种优势的可行性,为油菜杂种优势利用育种提供指导。【方法】将油菜波里马细胞质雄性不育系的6个保持系(1019B、1055B、6098B、8908B、6019B、ZS11B)和8个恢复系(R1、R2、R3、R6、R9、R10、R11、OR1)采用不完全双列杂交试验设计配制得到的46个F1杂种及其亲本,在湖北武汉、贵州贵阳和安徽巢湖3种生态环境下考察株高、分枝部位高度、一次有效分枝数、结角密度、主花序有效长、主花序有效角果数、单株有效角果数、每角粒数、千粒重及单株产量共10个产量相关性状,统计各性状在每个F1组合中的杂种优势,包括中亲优势和超亲优势。利用油菜全基因组60K SNP芯片对14个亲本进行基因型分型,对分型得到的SNP标记经质控后利用MEGA5.0软件估算亲本间的遗传距离,采用非加权类平均法(unweighted pair group method arithmetic averages,UPGMA)对亲本进行聚类分析,利用SAS9.1软件进行遗传距离与性状杂种优势的相关性分析。【结果】14个亲本经油菜全基因组60K SNP芯片进行基因型分型后共得到52 157个SNP位点,经质量控制后,最终筛选出40 201个SNP有效位点用于亲本遗传距离计算及聚类分析。14个亲本中以6098B与6019B的遗传距离最小,ZS11B与R6的遗传距离最大,所有亲本间的遗传距离介于0.1883—0.8811,平均为0.5217。14个亲本被分成4个主群,6个保持系为一个主群,8个恢复系中OR1单独为一个主群,R1、R3、R11为一个主群,R2、R6、R9、R10为一个主群,证明恢复系群体的遗传变异大于保持系,分群结果与实际系谱相符。所考察的10个性状的中亲优势均值变幅为-0.07%—38.78%,超亲优势均值变幅为-7.74%—20.78%。10个性状中除了一次有效分枝数外,其他性状的杂种优�【Objective】 To investigate the feasibility of heterosis prediction by single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP） markers in rapeseed, the 60 K SNP chip covering the whole genome of Brassica napus was used to estimate the genetic distance（GD） of elite parental lines of B. napus, and the correlation between GD and heterosis was analyzed for the guidance of hybrid development of rapeseed. 【Method】 Forty-six F1 hybrids were produced using six maintainer lines（1019B, 1055 B, 6098 B, 8908 B, 6019 B and ZS11B） and eight restorer lines（R1, R2, R3, R6, R9, R10, R11 and OR1） of Polima cytoplasmic male sterility（CMS） in an incomplete diallel cross design. All the parents and F1 s were grown in three different ecological conditions which are located in Wuhan, Guiyang, and Chaohu. Ten yield-related traits including plant height（PH）, branch height（BH）, number of effective primary branches（NEPB）, silique density（SD）, effective length of main inflorescence（ELMI）, number of effective siliques on main inflorescence（ESMI）, number of effective siliques per plant（ESPP）, seed per silique（SPS）, 1 000-seed weight（TSW） and yield per plant（YPP） were investigated for mid-parent heterosis and high-parent heterosis. The 14 parental lines were genotyped by 60 K SNP chip of Brassicas. GD based on SNP genotyping was estimated with MEGA5.0 software, and cluster analysis was carried out using unweighted pair group method arithmetic averages（UPGMA） method. Correlation analysis between GD and heterosis was conducted by SAS9.1 statistical analysis software.【Result】There were 40 201 loci selected from 52 157 SNP loci as being effective for genetic distance calculation and cluster analysis after quality determination. GDs of the 14 parental lines ranged from 0.1883 to 0.8811, with an average of 0.5217. The GD between 6098 B and 6019 B was the smallest and that between ZS11 B and R6 was the largest. The parental lines were divided into four groups, with six maintainers in one big grou

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 SNP标记 遗传距离 杂种优势预测 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]