基于GIS空间自相关的江汉平原钉螺分布特征  

ANALYSIS OF ONCOMELANIA HUPENSIS′S DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS IN JIANGHAN PLAIN BASED ON GIS SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION

作　　者：常变蓉[1,2] 李仁东[1] 徐兴建[3] 邱娟[1,2] 易凤佳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,湖北武汉430077 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]湖北省疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病防治研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2014年第7期930-936,共7页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAI78B03);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201409)

摘　　要：基于江汉平原1990、1995、2000、2005、2009年5个年份行政村尺度的钉螺面积分布数据,借助ArcGIS软件平台建立了钉螺分布数据库,运用全局自相关、聚类和异常值分析及热点分析方法分析了1990～2009年5个年份的钉螺时空分布特征.结果显示钉螺分布总体上存在显著的空间自相关性,分布模式主要呈现高值聚类,仙桃与洪湖交界处一直都是钉螺分布的高发正热点区域,即钉螺分布面积比较多.从时间变化规律来看,1990、2000和2009年是钉螺分布模式和热点区域发生变化的重要时间节点.研究结果对于钉螺扩散的防控、减少血吸虫病的传播有着重要的理论和现实意义.Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical areas, has serious threats to human health. Hubei Province is a serious infected area. A large number of schistosomiasis patients distribute in Jianghan plain in this province. According to annual schistosomiasis statistics, the number of schistosomiasis patients in Jianghan plain made up approximately 90 percent of the population of schistosomiasis patients in Hubei Province. So, the difficulty of controlling Oncomelania hupensls in Jianghan plain is both general and representative in our country. In recent years, the achievements of schistosomiasis control work are remarkable in Hubei Province, but outbreaks still occur. Some efforts have to be made to achieve the goal of interrupting schistosomiasis transmission. Oncomelania hupensis serves as the only intermediate hosts, whose distribution is strongly associated with the transmission of schistosomiasis. So, accurate understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis and discovering environment factors that affect the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis from the results is advantageous to the prevention and control of Oncomelania hupensis diffusion, which can provide spatial analysis and supported decision for department of schistosomiasis control quickly. In this paper, we applied ArcGIS to establish the Oncomelania hupensis＇s distribution database based on Oncomelania hupensis＇s area distribution data in Jianghan plain for five years from 1990 to 2009. The global autocorrelation analysis, cluster and outlier analysis and hot spot analysis are applied to present the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2009. The results of global autocorrelation analysis with time series data based on GIS indicate that the distribution areas of Oncornelania hupensis are highly clustered from 1990 to 2009. The cluster and outlier analysis showed that different villag

关 键 词：空间自相关 GIS 钉螺分布 江汉平原 

分 类 号：K909[历史地理—人文地理学]