湖南省四水流域水沙周期特征及其影响因素分析  

CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS IMPACT FACTOR ANALYSIS OF WATER AND SEDIMENT OF FOUR WATER BASIN IN HUNAN PROVINCE

作　　者：胡光伟[1,2] 毛德华[1] 张旺[3] 许滢[3] 张明[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南省国土资源规划院,湖南长沙410007 [3]湖南工业大学,湖南株洲412008

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2014年第7期944-953,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：2012年湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2012B210);2012年度高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金联合资助项目(20124306110009);湖南省重点学科建设项目(2011001);湖南省自然科学基金重点项目(12JJ2026);湖南省教育厅重点项目(09A055);湖南省水利科技重大项目(湘财农指[2007]7号)

摘　　要：采用复小波变换和M-K非参数检验的方法分析了湖南省四水流域主要控制站1951～2011年径流量与输沙量周期规律和突变特征.结果表明：（1）湖南四水径流量存在多个波动增加和波动减少的波动变化现象,但无显著变化趋势;而输沙量虽然有一定的波动,但总体上呈波动减少变化态势,而且下降趋势较显著;（2）湘潭站、桃江站和桃源站径流量和输沙量存在20～25 a的第一主周期,而石门站径流量和输沙量的第一主周期不具有一致性,径流量主周期为2 a,输沙量主周期为13 a,但其径流量和输沙量第二、三主周期变化规律相吻合,均为3～5 a的周期;（3）大量的水利工程建设是导致输沙量减少的主要原因,径流量的变化与降水的变化规律较为一致.Based on the annual runoff and sediment load data observed at four hydrological control station of Four Water basin （Xiang River, Zi River, Yuan River and Li River） in Hunan province from 1951 to 2011 of four representative gauging stations （ Xiangtan, Taojiang, Taoyuan, Shimen ）, the Periodic regularity and characteristics of mutation of annual runoff and sediment changes fluxes into the Dongting Lake from Four water basin was analyzed using Mann-Kendall trend test, moving average value, Wavelet analysis and double mass analysis. The results show that the annul changes of runoff and sediment was different in a great scope. O The annual runoff of Four water basin has a plurality wave phenomena of rise and decline, but no significant change. And sediment discharge has certain fluctuation with the overall downward trend, and the downward trend is obvious. The annual runoff is highest in Xiang River（653.7 × 108 m3 ）, intermediate in Zi River （226.9 × 108 m3 ） and Yuan River （636.2 × 108 m3）, and lowest in Li River （146. 1 × 108 ma）. The annual sediment is highest in Yuan River（1 003 × 104 t）, intermediate in Xiang River （938.9 × 104 t）and Li River （529. 9× 104 t）, and lowest in Zi River （219. 1 × 104 t）.OThe runoff and sediment of Xiangtan Station, Taojiang Station and Taoyuan Station have a primary period of 20--25 years. But the Runoff and sediment of Shimen Station of the first main period is not consistent. Annual runoff and sediment discharge cycles of Xiangtan, Taojiang and Taoyuan is more consistent. Among them, the runoff and sediment discharge in Xiangtan station of Xiangiiang River also has the second main cycle of seven years. And the annual runoff and sediment discharge of Taojiang also exist the periodical characteristics of seven years. The annual runoff and sediment discharge of Taoyuan station also has the main cycle of I4 years and 12 years respectively. But the annual runoff and sediment discharge of Shimen station in the first cycle is not consistent

关 键 词：复小波变换 水沙演变 周期特征 四水流域 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]