三峡工程运用对鄱阳湖水资源利用影响分析  

IMPACT OF THE THREE GORGES PROJECT ON THE POYANG LAKE WATER USE

作　　者：丁惠君[1,2] 栾震宇[3] 许新发[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省水利科学研究院,江西南昌330029 [2]江西省鄱阳湖水资源与环境重点实验室,江西南昌330029 [3]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2014年第12期1671-1677,共7页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项项目(200701009)"三峡工程运用后对鄱阳湖及江西‘五河’的影响研究"

摘　　要：三峡工程是我国有史以来建设的最大型的工程项目,具有防洪、发电、航运等方面巨大的经济和社会效益.然而,三峡工程的运用不可避免地会对原有江河湖泊水文情势产生一定影响.通过建立长江中下游（宜昌～大通）水沙模拟模型,定量分析了三峡工程运用对鄱阳湖水位的影响.三峡水库蓄水期（9月中下旬～11月）,三峡水库下泄流量比水库运用前减少3 000～6 000 m3/s,湖区各站水位最大降幅为0.7～1.9 m,平均降幅0.4～0.9m.以此为基础,通过典型调查分析了三峡水库蓄水对鄱阳湖区农田灌溉用水和城镇供水的影响,提出了消除或降低影响的对策措施.研究结果可为鄱阳湖及长江中下游地区经济社会可持续发展和鄱阳湖综合治理提供科学依据和技术支撑.The Three Gorges Project is the largest construction project in China,with tremendous economic and social benefits in flood control,power generation,navigation and other aspects.However,the use of the Three Gorges Project will inevitably have some impacts on the original hydrological situation of rivers and lakes.This research quantitatively analyzed the water level impact of the use of the Three Gorges Project on the Poyang Lake by establishing water and sediment simulation models of the middle and down stream of the Yangtze River （Yichang to Datong segment）.The results showed that,during the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir （mid to late September to November）,the discharge flow reduced 3 000-6 000 m3/s than before.The biggest drop of water level around the Poyang Lake was between 0.7 m and 1.9 m,and the average was between 0.4 m and 0.9 m.On this basis,the impacts of the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir on farmland irrigation and urban water supply of the Poyang Lake area were analyzed through the typical investigation and analysis.For farmland irrigation impact,the loss around the Poyang Lake area by the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir was estimated to 0.1 billion Yuan per year.For urban water supply,about 1.5 million urban populations were affected by the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir,and about 270 million m3 water supplies was affected,affecting time was about 30 days.The countermeasures to eliminate or reduce the impacts were also proposed in this paper.The results can provide scientific basis and technical support for economic and social sustainable development of the middle and down stream regions of the Yangtze River and integrated management of the Poyang Lake.

关 键 词：三峡工程 鄱阳湖 水沙模型 水位影响 水资源利用 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]