月光鱼色素细胞分布及特征的显微观察  

Observation of the Distribution and Microstructure of Chromatophores in Xiphophorus maculatus

作　　者：郑曙明[1,2] 吴青[1,2] 李小兵[1,2] 魏夕铭 张铁岩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学/淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]西南大学/水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第11期12-18,共7页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B10);农业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201403012-01);科技部科技人员服务企业行动项目(2009GJF10007)资助

摘　　要：在显微镜下对月光鱼皮肤、鳞片、背鳍、尾鳍、腹鳍、胸鳍和臀鳍上的色素细胞进行了详细观察.结果表明,皮肤和鳞片上有黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞、红色素细胞和虹彩细胞4种色素细胞,各鳍有除虹彩细胞外的其余3种色素细胞.黑色素细胞较大,黑色,产生圆形黑色素颗粒,细胞有树突状分支和无分支2种类型;黄色素细胞为黄色或桔黄色,产生圆形黄色素颗粒,细胞多为卵圆形、有的呈不规则形,也有黄色素颗粒聚集成弥散状;红色素细胞为橙红色或深红色,产生圆形红色素颗粒,细胞多为卵圆形、也有细胞及红色素颗粒聚集成条状或弥散状;有的细胞中心为黄色或桔黄色四周密集的红色素颗粒向外辐射,形成复合色素细胞;虹彩细胞最小,蓝灰色,产生短杆状浅蓝色的色素颗粒,细胞为卵圆形,其色素颗粒大量分散分布在皮肤和鳞片上.The chromatophores of the skin ,the scale ,the dorsal fin ,the caudal fin ,the ventral fin ,the pectoral fin and the anal fin in Xiphophorus maculatus was observed by the microscope .Four kinds of pig‐ment cells ,namely melanophore ,xanthophore ,erythrophore and iridophore ,were detected on the surface of the skin and the scale ,and melanophore ,xanthophore and erythrophore on the fins .The melanophores were relatively big in size and black in color ,with round pigment granules in them .They were of two types ：dendritic and non‐dendritic .The xanthophores ,with round yellow pigment granules ,were yellow or orange .The cells were mostly oval in shape ,but some were of irregular shape .Some yellow pigment particles were found to cluster in diffuse distribution .The erythrophores ,with round red pigment gran‐ules ,were orange‐red or dark‐red in color and mostly oval in shape .Some cells and red pigment particles clustered into cestiform or in diffuse distribution .Some cells were yellow or orange at the center ,with dense red pigment particles distributed around it ,thus forming composite pigment cells .The iridophores , with short rod‐like light‐blue pigment granules ,were very small in size ,oval in shape and blue‐gray in col‐or .A large number of the pigment particles were dispersed on the skin and the scale .

关 键 词：色素细胞 分布 显微结构 月光鱼 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学] Q952