2013年山东省内3所大学学生自杀意念现状及其与心理扭力的关系  

Study on Association between Psychological Strain and Suicidal Ideation Among Students in 3 Universities,Shandong Province,2013

作　　者：董炳刚[1] 冯春明[2] 孙士华[3] 贾存显[3] 

机构地区：[1]聊城市疾病预防控制中心质量管理科,山东聊城252000 [2]聊城大学东昌学院数学与信息工程系,山东聊城252000 [3]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,山东济南250012

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2015年第6期426-429,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解大学生自杀意念流行现状及特征,探究大学生自杀意念与心理扭力间的关系,为大学生自杀干预及预防提供策略建议及理论依据。方法于2013年5月采取分层整群随机抽样的方法,对山东省内3所高校的900名大学生进行问卷调查。包括社会人口学因素、日常活动情况、自杀意念与自杀态度、心理状态。结果调查900名学生,收回有效问卷815份。有自杀意念者(病例组)141人(占17.30%),无自杀意念者(对照组)674人(82.70%)。心理扭力的四个分量表中,病例组学生得分均高于对照组得分(P<0.01);说明有自杀意念的学生体验到的价值观、期望、相对剥夺以及应对方面的扭力值均高于无自杀意念的学生。将病例组与对照组单因素分析差异有统计学意义的9个变量纳入多元Logistic回归分析,其中良好的心理健康状况和对自杀持否定或排斥的态度者是自杀意念的保护因素(OR<1);其他协变量均表现为自杀意念的危险因素(OR>1)。四种扭力值均表现为自杀意念的危险因素。结论大学生中自杀意念报告率较高;心理学扭力在自杀意念的发生中可能起着重要作用;从心理扭力角度着手研究和控制大学生自杀可能成为有重要价值的新方向。Objective To understand the prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students,explore the association between suicidal ideation among college students and psychological strain,so as to provide theoretical basis for suicide prevention and intervention focused on college students. Methods A total of 900 college students were sampled from 3universities in Shandong province.The study was carried out by filling up questionnaires.Investigation contexts included social economic information,daily activities and habits,suicidal ideation,attitudes towards suicide,and psychological status. Results A total of 815 valid questionnaires were collected,and two groups of subjects were defined：141（17.30%）as with suicide ideation（the case group）,and 674（82.70%）as without suicide ideation（the control group）.For each PSS subscale of psychological status,students of the case group got statistically higher scores than students of the control group（P 〈0.01）.Nine variables were included in the logistic regression model after adjusted by age and gender.Good psychological status and negative attitudes toward suicide were found to be protective factors for suicide ideation（OR〈 1）,while other factors in the model appeared to be risk factors in the process of suicide ideation emerging（OR〉 1）,including depression.The four kinds of psychological strains were all identified as risk factors for suicide ideation. Conclusion The prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students is relatively high.Psychological strain may play an important role in suicidal ideation.Prevention and intervention for suicidal ideation and suicide behavior among college students should pay attention to psychological strain.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀意念 心理扭力 流行病学 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]