湖南省马尾松林生物量动态特征及其对龄组结构变化的响应  

Changes in total stand biomass of Pinus massoniana forests and its response to age class structure in Hunan Province, China

作　　者：郭屹[1] 项文化[1,2] 刘聪[1] 方晰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南会同438107

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2015年第7期81-87,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：科技部973计划子课题(2010CB833501-01-17)

摘　　要：2009年我国马尾松林的面积达1．20×10^9hm^2，湖南省的马尾松林面积为1．21×10^6hm^2。马尾松林在木材和非木质产品生产、区域生态系统服务方面特别是森林碳吸存等方面发挥着重要作用。生物量是研究森林生态系统碳吸存的基础数据。本研究利用湖南省1983～2009年的森林资源数据，分别采用各龄组林分平均生物量和材积源法估算湖南省及14个地市（州）马尾松林总生物量，分析过去25年间马尾松总生物量动态变化，研究龄组结构变化对总生物量的影响。结果表明：过去25年湖南省马尾松林生物量变化为40．87×10^6～80．06×10^6t，各地市（州）的马尾松林总生物量差别较大，不同时期总生物量也明显不同，总体表现为马尾松林生物量从1983～1995年间增加，1995～1999年下降，2004年增加，2009年有所下降。回归分析显示各龄组所占面积的比例对马尾松林生物量影响显著，其中成熟林和过熟林所占面积比例的影响最大；龄组面积比例变化值对总生物量变化的影响达到极显著，其中幼龄林和中龄林比例变化对生物量影响最大，龄组结构调整和培育大径材马尾松有利于增加区域森林生物量。Total forest area ofPinus massoniana in 2009 reached 1.20×10^9hm^2 in China and amounted to 1.21 ×10^6 hm^2 in Hunan Province, Hence, P. massoniana forests play an important role in provision of timber and no-timer forest products, ecosystem services including carbon storage and sequestration on regional and national scale. The data of forest area and volume, derived from forest resource inventory in Hunan Province during period from 1983 to 2009, were used to estimate total forest biomass by the means of stand biomass estimation of allometric equation and volume conversion factors. The results showed that total biomass of P massoniana forest in Hunan province increased from 40.87×10^6 to 80.06×10^6 t. Large variations in total biomass were found for 14 cities at prefecture level during the inventory period in past 25 years. In general, total forest biomass in each city increased from 1983 to 1985, through decreasing from 1995 to 1999, and then reached the highest in 2004. In 2009, a decrease was found for each city. The regression analysis indicated that the percentage of forest area of stand age classes affected total biomass of P massoniana forests and the percentage of mature and over-mature stand had greater effects relative to other stand age classes. The changes in percentage of forest area of age classes significantly affected the changes in total forest biomass. Therefore, adjustment of stand age structure and old forest protection could improve total forest biomass at regional scale.

关 键 词：马尾松林 生物量 龄组 湖南省 亚热带 相对生长方程 材积源法 

分 类 号：S791.248[农业科学—林木遗传育种]