北京土地利用混合度对居民职住分离的影响  

Impact of land-use mixed degree on resident's home-work separation in Beijing

作　　者：党云晓[1,2,3,4] 董冠鹏 余建辉[1,2] 张文忠[1,2] 谌丽[1,2,5] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验,北京100101 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100039 [4]英国布里斯托尔大学地理科学学院 [5]中国科学院虚拟经济与数据科学研究中心,北京100190

出　　处：《地理学报》2015年第6期919-930,共12页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41230632);国家自然科学基金项目(41201169)~~

摘　　要：市场经济体制改革以来,中国城市土地利用方式发生巨大变化,深刻影响居民日常生活。尽管国内外学者关注土地利用方式对居民通勤行为的影响,然而其研究方法均采用简单的单层模型,未能将数据的多层嵌套关系纳入模型中。为解决这一问题,本文采用多层线性模型(Multilevel Models),以北京为例,同时分析了在居住地和工作地层级上的街道土地利用混合度对居民职住分离的影响,以及居民住房情况和社会经济属性对其职住分离的影响。研究结果表明,微观层面的土地利用混合度的提升的确有利于减轻个体的职住分离;个体所在的工作地土地利用方式也对其职住分离产生影响,而且工作地对个体的影响要比居住地的影响更大;居民的社会经济属性、住房情况等对其职住分离程度存在显著的影响;交叉分类多层线性模型适用于解决存在复杂嵌套关系的影响因素分析。In the last three decades, urban China has experienced drastic market-oriented reform, which has led to enormous transformation of urban spatial structure, as well as to the change of land-use pattern. Some researches at home and abroad have noticed possible impacts of land-use pattern on residents＇ daily commuting behaviors. However, the results are quite different. Western researchers proved that mixed land-use pattern has positive impacts on home- work separation, and a lot of domestic scholars argued that mixed land-use pattern should be encouraged in urban China. Conversely, few researchers, like Ding and Zheng, objected to mixed land-use pattern in urban China. So far, there has been limited empirical research on the impact of land-use mixed degree on home-work separation in Chinese cities. This paper attempts to contribute to the gap by providing empirical evidence for mixed land-use pattern and its impact on home-work separation in Beijing. Using the land-use map in 2004 and large-scale survey data of land use in 2005, based on multilevel model, we analyze the impact of land-use mixed degree on resident＇s home-work separation. The primary innovation of this paper is that, we prove the possible influences of working place attributes on individual home-work separation. More importantly, we use a more complex multilevel model in this paper, called cross-classified multilevel model based on Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain method. Several conclusions are drawn as follows： （1） Land-use mixed degree of sub-district has influences on residents＇ home-work separation. The probability of bearing long home-work separation for residents who live in sub-districts with higher land-use mixed degree is small. （2） There are significant variances of residents＇ home-work distance both in living and working sub-district, implying that the correlated impact of living and working sub-district on home- work separation should be given more attention in future researches. （3） Residents＇ economic attribute

关 键 词：多层线性模型 土地利用混合度 职住分离 北京 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济]