基于小波分频技术的地层Q值提取方法研究  

Q value extraction method based on wavelet frequency division technology

作　　者：王小杰[1,2] 栾锡武[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《石油物探》2015年第3期260-266,共7页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41406080);公益性行业科研专项(201511037)联合资助

摘　　要：地层Q值的提取方法容易受到由岩性引起的强反射振幅的影响,引起计算结果的多解性,从而难以分辨含气储层;小波分频技术是一种基于频谱分析的地震成像解释方法,分频剖面具有不同频段的地震成分,分频处理可以避免不同频率成分地震信号的相互影响,同时可以特殊对待目标储层频段的地震信息,有助于提高地层属性提取的稳定性。基于以上原因,首先针对目的层分析含气储层的频率区间,然后利用小波分频技术得到该频率区间的地震数据,在此数据上利用小波域谱比法计算地层Q值。模型试算和实际地震资料试应用结果表明,该方法具有更高的准确性和适用性,更有利于预测含气储层。Qvalue extraction is easily affected by strong reflection amplitude caused by lithology,which causes multi-solutions for the calculation;thus,it is very difficult to distinguish the gas reservoir.Wavelet frequency division technology is a kind of interpretation method for seismic imaging based on spectrum analysis.The frequency division section includes different frequency components,and the processing of frequency division can avoid the mutual influence from different frequency components of seismic signals,also can treat the frequency information of the target reservoir with special means,which improves the stability of reservoir attributes extraction.Based on the above reasons,we firstly analyze the frequency interval of gas reservoir,and then use the wavelet frequency division technology to obtain the seismic data of this frequency interval.Based on the seismic data,the spectral ratio method in wavelet domain is applied to calculate the formation Qvalue.Model test and actual seismic data analysis shows that,the method has higher accuracy and applicability,which is more suitable for predicting gas reservoir.

关 键 词：粘弹性介质 品质因子 分频技术 频谱比 储层预测 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]