近30年北半球冬季臭氧总量分布特征及其与平流层温度的关系  

The distribution characteristics of total ozone and its relationship with stratospheric temperature during boreal winter in the recent 30years

作　　者：李刚[1,2] 谭言科[1] 李崇银[1,3] 陈书驰 白涛[5] 杨道勇[2] 张滢[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院 [2]西昌卫星发射中心 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室 [4]北京航天飞行控制中心 [5]中国人民解放军94188部队

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2015年第5期1475-1491,共17页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB956203);国家自然科学基金项目(41475070)共同资助

摘　　要：臭氧的时空分布特征对气候和环境变化具有显著影响,随着臭氧资料数量的增加和质量的提高,有必要对臭氧时空分布特征及其与气候变化的关系进行详细研究.本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心提供的1979—2013年的全球月平均臭氧总量资料、平流层温度场资料,采用旋转经验正交函数分解(REOF)、Morlet小波分析、合成分析等方法研究了20°N以北的北半球冬季(12—2月)臭氧总量异常的主要空间分布结构与时间演变特征,并进一步分析了主要模态与平流层上层(2hPa)、中层(30hPa)以及下层(100hPa)温度异常的关系.结果表明:近30年北半球冬季臭氧总量异常变化最显著的区域主要有5个,分别位于极地地区(75°N—90°N,0°—360°)、北半球副热带地区(20°N—40°N,0°—360°)、阿拉斯加地区(60°N—75°N,180°—260°E)、北大西洋地区(45°N—60°N,310°E—360°E)及西伯利亚地区(50°N—65°N,80°E—130°E).5个区域的冬季臭氧总量异常具有明显的年际和年代际变化特征.1980年代后期是各个区域的臭氧总量异常由年代际偏多转为偏少的转换时段.此外,各区域存在显著的年际变化周期,而且各个区域的年际周期存在明显的差异.臭氧总量异常变化与平流层温度异常变化的关系表明,臭氧总量异常的增加(减少)能够导致平流层上层温度异常偏冷(暖)和平流层中、下层温度异常偏暖(冷),其中平流层中层温度异常的偏暖(冷)程度要比下层更加明显.It is well known that ozone is one of the most important trace gases in the atmosphere.Stratospheric ozone can directly affect levels of ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth′s surface and stratospheric temperature structure,while tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant,which is harmful to human health and ecosystems.Therefore,it can be inferred that ozone has a significant impact on the variability of climate and environment.As the increase of the high quality and quantity of ozone datasets,it is necessary to provide a detailed investigation of spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of total ozone and its relationship with climate variability.Besides,because most of ozone is observed in the stratosphere,it is also necessary to examine the relationship between ozone and stratospheric temperature.Ozone and temperature data are taken from monthly mean European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting（ECMWF）reanalysis data（ERA-Interim）from 1979 to 2013.ERAInterim has assimilated satellite observations（reprocessed Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment data from the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory provides ozone profile information from 1995onwards）at a 2°×2°horizontal resolution and relatively high vertical resolution（37levels）.To study the general features of ozone,we first apply the empirical orthogonal function（EOF）to the ozone data.And then the rotated EOF（REOF）method is used to extract the dominant modes of ozone,meaning that the initial EOF modes are linearly transformed using the varimax method,which maximizes the variance of the squared correlation coefficients between the time series of each REOF mode and each original EOF mode.The method increases the spatial variability of the obtained modes.Besides,the continuous wavelet transform method is used to study the periodicity of the rotated principal components（RPC）time series.We use the Morlet wavelet in the current study.The spatiotemporal structure of dominant total ozone pattern in the Northern Hemisphere（north of 20

关 键 词：臭氧总量 平流层温度 分布特征 旋转经验正交函数 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]