2014年北京地区啮齿类实验动物质量的病理学评价  

Assessing the quality of rodent laboratory animals in Beijing area by pathological diagnosis in October 2014

作　　者：李超[1] 董浩迪[1] 徐琳凯 王春雨[1] 宋志琦[1] 刘春法[1] 李超斯[1] 岳瑞超[1] 程广宇[1] 赵化佳 赵德明[1] 尹晓敏[1] 周向梅[1] 杨利峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院/国家动物海绵状脑病实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2015年第5期67-70,F0003,共5页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAI15B01)

摘　　要：目的从病理学角度评价啮齿类实验动物的健康情况,为实验动物标准化饲养提供建议,确保相关科研结果的准确性。方法本文主要对2014年10月北京市15家实验动物单位的啮齿类实验动物病理学抽检情况进行统计分析。采集啮齿类实验动物的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、大肠和小肠后经甲醛钙液固定,通过石蜡切片HE染色、PAS染色、冰冻切片油红O染色后于显微镜下观察。结果实验动物总体合格,但个别单位仍然存在问题。检出病变器官主要是肝脏和肺脏,肝脏病变检出率小鼠为6%,大鼠为2.5%,豚鼠为8.2%,地鼠未检出,肝脏病变表现为细胞肿胀,且经特殊染色确证部分为脂肪变性;肺脏病变检出率豚鼠为15.5%,其余未检出,肺脏病变表现为淤血、渗出及间质性肺炎。结论实验动物病理学检测基本健康,肝脏出现损伤可能与饲料有关;而肺脏病变可能与垫料及空气有关,而秋冬季雾霾及低温可能对实验动物健康有所影响。Objective To assess the health status of rodent laboratory animals by pathological diagnosis,our lab has being take apart in investigating the quality of laboratory animals in Beijing area for years and offer some advices for standardized breeding to ensure accurate results of scientific research.This paper focuses on the analysis of laboratory rodent samples that collected in October 2014.Methods We collected the heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,large intestine and small intestine,and put these organs into 10% Calcium formaldehyde solution for fixation,and then prepared into two different sections for optical microscopy observation including all paraffin specimens stained with HE and the frozen sections stained with Oil Red-O and PAS.Results The vast majority of laboratory rodents were up to standard,but there still a problem in individual units.The main problem is liver and lung disease.The rate of Hepatocyte swellingis 6%（mouse）,2.5%（rat）,8.2%（guinea pig）,moreover part of them were lipidosis,according to Oil Red-O stain.the mainly problem of lung is congestion,edema and Interstitial pneumonia,the detectable rate of pulmonarydiseases is 15.5%（guinea pig）.Conclusions The vast majority of laboratory rodents were pathologically diagnosed as healthy animals.Theliver disease may be caused by improper feeding.And disease of lung may led by haze,unqualified bedding and low temperature.

关 键 词：啮齿类实验动物 病理学诊断 器官病变 油红-O染色 PAS染色 

分 类 号：R332[医药卫生—人体生理学]