CRISPR/Cas9:一种新型的基因组定点编辑技术  

CRISPR/Cas9:A Novel Technology of Genome Editing

作　　者：宋丽杰[1,2] 王丽[1] 王捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区广州总医院医学实验科,中国广东广州510010 [2]华南理工大学生物科学与工程学院,中国广东广州510006

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2015年第3期276-282,共7页Life Science Research

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金重点项目(06104396)

摘　　要：CRISPR/Cas9系统是原核生物抵御病毒或质粒等外来遗传物质入侵的一种获得性免疫系统,主要由非特异性的Cas9核酸酶和起识别作用的cr RNA所组成。相较于传统的基因组编辑技术,基于CRISPR/Cas9系统的基因组定点编辑技术具有快速、简单、高效等优点,并且几乎可以用于任何物种的基因编辑。尽管CRISPR/Cas9系统的基因组特异性还有待进一步确认,但该系统在基因组编辑方面的简便性和有效性必将促进生物学的研究和人类疾病基因治疗方面的发展。CRISPR/Cas9 system, which is comprised of a nonspecific Cas9 nuclease and a cr RNA that identifies specific DNA sequences is the adaptable immune mechanism used by many prokaryotes to protect themselves from foreign nucleic acids, such as viruses or plasmids. Compared to traditional genome editing techniques, genome editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 has the advantages of fast, simpleness, high efficiency and can be applied to nearly all species. Although the genome-wide specificities of CRISPR-Cas9 systems remain to be fully defined, the power of these systems to easily perform targeted, highly efficient alterations of genome sequence will undoubtedly speed up the biological research and spur the development of novel gene therapeutics for human diseases.

关 键 词：人工核酸内切酶 基因编辑 CRISPR/Cas9 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学]