水热炭化微晶纤维素制备炭球-活性炭复合材料  

Preparation of Carbon Sphere-activated Carbon Composite Materials from Microcrystalline Cellulose via Hydrothermal Carbonization

作　　者：吴艳姣[1] 李伟[1] 吴琼[1] 赵鑫[1] 张双双[1] 刘守新[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2015年第3期49-54,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：'十二五'国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD32B04);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31170545);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2572014EB01)

摘　　要：以微晶纤维素(MC)为原料,柠檬酸为催化剂,活性炭为载体,经水热炭化法形成炭球并负载于活性炭的表面和孔内合成含氧官能团丰富的炭球-活性炭复合材料。用扫描电镜(SEM)、低温液氮吸附(N2/77K)、傅里叶红外(FT-IR)和水相三价铬吸附实验对炭球-活性炭复合材料的表面负载炭球形貌、孔隙结构、含氧官能团种类和重金属离子的吸附性能进行表征。研究表明:MC在柠檬酸的催化作用下,在水热条件下可以形成形貌良好、结构规整的炭球,炭球负载于活性炭表面和孔内部。炭化温度、炭化时间和MC质量浓度,均能影响炭球的粒径和数量。炭球-活性炭复合材料的表面富含—OH、COOH、C=O等含氧官能团;当MC质量浓度为2.0 g/L时,复合材料对Cr3+的单位质量吸附量最大为0.356 mg/g,是活性炭的5.65倍。Carbon sphere-activated carbon composite materials with abundant oxygen functional groups were prepared from microcrystalline celluloses（MC） via hydrothermal carbonization by using citric acid as catalyst and activated carbons as carrier. The morphology structure, pore structure, and the species of oxygen-containing functional groups of composite materials were analyzed by SEM ,N2 （77K） adsorption-desorption isotherm, and FT-IR. Adsorption capacity of the materials were tested using aqueous solution （ Cr3＋） as model metal ions. The results showed that MC could be transformed into carbon spheres, which are loaded on the surface and interior of activated carbon. The size and quantity of the carbon spheres of the obtained composites were influenced by the carbonization parameters, such as temperature, reaction time and the concentration of the MC. Surface functional groups, including hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl, were observed on the surface of the prepared composites. The carbon sphere- activated carbon composite materials presented extraordinary adsorption capacities for Cr3＋ in terms of per mass, which was 0. 356 mg/g. This result is approximately 5.65 times of that for activated carbon.

关 键 词：炭球 活性炭 水热法 微晶纤维素 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]