术前戒烟时间对冠状动脉旁路移植患者术后低氧血症的影响  

The influence of preoperative quitting time on postoperative hypoxemia of coronary artery bypass grafting patients

作　　者：朱晓敏[1] 孟海英[2] 赵莹[3] 邢桃红[1] 王朝娟[4] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学第一附属医院普外四科,洛阳471003 [2]河南科技大学第一附属医院心血管外科,洛阳471003 [3]河南科技大学第一附属医院三甲办,洛阳471003 [4]河南科技大学第一附属医院护理部,洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2015年第18期1363-1366,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的 研究行冠状动脉旁路移植（coronary arterybypassgrafting,CABG）患者术前戒烟时间与术后低氧血症的关系,探讨术前戒烟时间长短对行CABG患者术后低氧血症发生率的影响.方法 选取2011年9月至2013年9月在我院心血管外科拟行CABG且术前有吸烟史的151例患者.按照术前戒烟时间将患者分为戒烟0d、1～30 d、31～60d、61～90 d、＞90 d共5组.收集患者一般资料和可能与低氧血症发生相关的各项指标,监测术后低氧血症发生情况.将观察指标进行单因素、Logistic回归分析,分析术前各戒烟时间段对行CABG患者术后低氧血症发生率的影响.结果 单因素分析结果显示,年龄、体质量、吸烟年支数、戒烟时间、合并高血压、合并糖尿病是CABG患者术后低氧血症发生的危险因素.Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、体质量、吸烟年支数、戒烟时间是CABG患者术后低氧血症发生的独立危险因素.戒烟0d、1～30 d、31～60 d、61～90 d、＞90 d 5组患者低氧血症发生率为55.56％ （15/27）、59.26％（16/27）、27.58％（8/29）、22.73％（5/22）、15.63％（5/32）,5组患者术后低氧血症发生率差异有统计学意义,x2=19.212,P＜0.05.结论 年龄、体质量、吸烟年支数、戒烟时间是CABG患者术后低氧血症发生的独立危险因素.随着术前戒烟时间的增加,CABG术后低氧血症的发生率总体呈下降趋势.CABG术前不同戒烟时间段对术后低氧血症发生率影响有差别,对术前吸烟的CABG患者进行及时的控烟干预有利于降低术后低氧血症的发生率.Objective To evaluate the influence of preoperative quitting time on coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） patients with postoperative hypoxemia incidence.Methods 151 patients with coronary bypass surgery and preoperative history of smoking who preparation of CABG in hospital were recruited from September 2011 to September 2013.According to the preoperative smoking cessation time patients were divided into five groups：0 days,1-30 days,31-60 days,61-90 days,more than 90 days.Single factor regression and Logistic analysis were used to analyse the influence of preoperative quitting time on CABG patients with postoperative hypoxemia incidence.Results Age,weight,smoking habit,quitting time,hypertension,diabetes mellitus were risk factors of hypoxemia after coronary artery bypass grafting.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,body weight,smoking habit,smoking time were independent risk factors of hypoxemia after coronary artery bypass grafting.The incidences of hypoxemia of the five groups 0 days,1-30 days,31-60 days,61-90 days and more than 90 days were 55.56% （15/27）,59.26% （16/27）,27.58% （8/29）,22.73% （5/22）,15.63% （5/32）.The incidence of hypoxemia had significant difference （x2=19.212,P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions Age,weight,smoking habit,quitting time were independent risk factors of hypoxemia after CABG.With the quitting time increase,hypoxemia after CABG overall downward trend.Difference quitting time before the operation,the hypoxemia occurred difference rate influence,On the preoperative smoking CABG patients were smoking cessation intervention timely helps to reduce the occurrence of postoperative hypoxemia.

关 键 词：血管成形术 气囊 冠状动脉 缺氧 戒烟 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]