马赫-曾德尔干涉仪中位相测量系统的误差分析  

Systematic error analysis for phase measurement with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer

作　　者：牛青[1] 李岩[1] 李卫东[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学理论物理研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《深圳大学学报（理工版）》2015年第3期306-310,共5页Journal of Shenzhen University(Science and Engineering)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11374197)~~

摘　　要：利用蒙特卡罗(Monte-Carlo)方法对一端输入相干态,另一端输入真空态的马赫-曾德尔(Mach-Zehnder)干涉仪的位相测量误差进行了研究.通过分析粒子数差的测量结果,验证该测量方法所测得的位相值的误差依赖于待测位相θ:当θ靠近0或π时,测量误差较大,当θ靠近0.5π时,可达到测量误差的最小极限(散粒噪声极限).理论分析发现,待测位相与测量结果之间的函数关系f-1的非线性导致位相的估计出现偏差.Using the Monte-Carlo algorithm,we investigate the phase measurement error of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a coherent state in one input port and a vacuum state in the other input port. By analyzing the phase measurements based on the difference of particle numbers,we find that the phase accuracy of the MachZehnder interferometer is dependent on the measured phase θ. The minimum limit on measurement accuracy（ the shot noise limit） is obtained when θ is around 0. 5π,while the measurement error is larger for θ close to 0 or π.Through theoretical analysis,we find that the result is caused by the non-linearity of the function f-1,which is a function between the phase to be measured and the measurement to be estimated.

关 键 词：凝聚态物理 马赫-曾德尔干涉仪 蒙特卡罗方法 矩估计 位相 粒子数差 高斯分布 

分 类 号：O469[理学—凝聚态物理]