法医学混合斑研究进展  

Researsh advances of mixed stains in forensic science

作　　者：雷亮[1,2] 臧丽丽 徐洁[1] 付光平 付丽红[1] 张晓静[1] 李淑瑾[1] 丛斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学法医学系河北省法医学重点实验室,河北石家庄050017 [2]甘肃省公安厅刑事科学技术检验鉴定处,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国法医学杂志》2015年第3期273-276,共4页Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30973364);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(145RJZA038)

摘　　要：混合斑是性侵案件中常见生物检材,对其分析结果的解释是法医学检验中的难点之一。混合斑的种类较多,多个个体或多种体液、分泌液形成混合斑的提取、分离方法比较复杂。目前,法医学用于对混合斑量化评估主要应用杂合型均衡比和混合比例两个参数,而其分析受多种因素的影响。分析常用的遗传标记包括:常染色体和Y染色体STR,SNP,mt DNA,INDEls等。统计分析方法主要有似然率法(LR)以及随机男子不能被排除率法(RMNE)。混合斑分析软件的出现,有助于对检验结果的分析和判断。本文对相关文献进行综述,意在为混合斑的研究和鉴定提供参考和借鉴。Mixed stains is common biological materials in the rape cases and the interpretation of the analysis result is one of the difficulties of forensic medicine. The mixed stains with kinds of types consist of several individuals or various of body fluids, secretions, while its extraction and separation method is more complicated. At present, there are two quantitative assessment parameters： mixture proportion （Mx ）and heterozygous balance（Hb） for forensic analysis which is influenced by many factors. Analysis of common genetic markers including： autosomal STR, Y-STR, SNP, mtDNA, INDEls, etc. Statistical analysis methods mainly include the likelihood rate （LR） and random man not excluded method （RMNE）. The emergence of the calculation software is conductive to analyzing the test results and judgments. In this article, we review related references in order to provide reference and formwork for the research and identification of mixed stains.

关 键 词：法医物证学 混合斑 混合斑分析指标 遗传标记 计算软件 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]