折流反应器中鸟粪石类共沉淀法对脱氨尿液的处理  

Treatment of Deaminated Urine by Co-precipitation of Struvite-type Compounds in Baffled Reactor

作　　者：郭旭慧 苏冯婷 徐康宁[1,3] 张驰[3] 李继云[3] 谢淘[3] 汪诚文[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水体污染源控制技术北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]宜兴市建筑设计研究院有限公司,江苏宜兴214200 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2015年第13期27-30,36,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室专项经费资助项目(14K08ESPCT);国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(21277079);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07305-003)

摘　　要：在折流式反应器中，考察了磷酸钾镁、磷酸铵镁等鸟粪石类物质共沉淀法对稀释5倍的脱氨尿液废水的资源化处理效果。结果表明，钾回收率为87％～92％，磷回收率为75％～80％，氨氮回收率为80％～85％，COD去除率约为30％。出水中的COD、总氮和磷浓度能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）中的一级A标准；出水氨氮约为7mg／L，能满足一级B标准。结合SEM—EDS和XRD的分析认为，沉淀产物为磷酸铵镁、磷酸钾镁和磷酸钠镁的混合物，每升稀释5倍的脱氨尿液废水沉淀物产量约为（8．8±2．0）g，平均粒径为60—100μm，沉淀物表面的负电性阻碍了团聚大颗粒的生成，产品性质优于《钙镁磷钾肥行业标准》（HG2598-94）中一等品的品质标准。The resourceful treatment efficiency of five-fold diluted deaminated urine by the co-precipitation of struvite-type compounds like magnesium potassium phosphate and magnesium ammonium phosphate was investigated in a baffled reactor. The results showed that the recovery rates of potassium, phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen were 87% to 92% , 75% to 80% and 80% to 85%, respectively, while the removal rate of COD was about 30%. The concentrations of COD, TN and phosphate in the effluent could meet the first class A criteria specified in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant （GB 18918 -2002）. However, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the effluent was about 7 mg/L, meeting the first class B criteria. The precipitates were confirmed to be a mixture of magnesium ammonium phosphate, magnesium potassium phosphate and magnesium sodium phosphate. The yield of the precipitates from per litre five-fold diluted deaminated urine was estimated as （8.8±2.0） g, and the average particle size ranged from 60 to 100μm. Negative charge on the surface of the precipitates prevented the agglomeration of large particles. The quality of products was superior to the first class criteria specified in Industrial Standards for Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphate and Potassium Fertilizers （ HG 2598 - 94 ）.

关 键 词：源分离尿液 沉淀法 鸟粪石 磷酸钾镁 磷酸铵镁 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]