电子自旋共振扫描隧道显微镜  

Electron spin resonance scanning tunneling microscope

作　　者：郭阳[1] 李健梅[1] 陆兴华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所,北京100190 [2]量子物质科学协同创新中心,北京100190

出　　处：《物理》2015年第3期161-168,共8页Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10974245;61027011);国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2012CB933002;2010CB923001);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(批准号:XDB07030100)资助项目

摘　　要：单电子自旋极有可能发展成为未来信息学的基础。以电子自旋为核心的新型单分子或单原子器件将最终成为基本信息单元,基于单电子的自旋态将有可能构筑未来量子计算机的量子比特。但是,如何实现对单个电子自旋及其相干态和纠缠态的测量和控制,目前仍然是一个很大的挑战。作为调控单个电子自旋的重要实验手段,电子自旋共振扫描隧道显微镜的发展一直备受关注。文章简要介绍了电子自旋共振扫描隧道显微镜的基本概念,阐述了其发展历史和最新进展,归纳了机理探索的研究成果,论述了该设备研发面临的挑战与对策,并对未来的发展和应用做了展望。It is highly expected that the future informatics will be based on the spins of individual electrons. The development of elementary information unit will eventually leads to novel single-molecule or single-atom devices based on electron spins; the quantum computer in the future can be constructed with single electron spins as the basic quantum bits. However, it is still a great challenge in detection and manipulation of a single electron spin, as well as its coherence and entanglement. As an ideal experimental tool for such tasks, the development of electron spin resonance scanning tunneling microscope（ESR- STM） has attracted great attention for decades.This paper briefly introduces the basic concept of ESR-STM. The development history of this instrument and recent progresses are reviewed. The underlying mechanism is explored and summarized. The challenges and possible solutions are discussed. Finally, the prospect of future direction and applications are presented.

关 键 词：电子自旋共振 扫描隧道显微镜 

分 类 号：TH742[机械工程—光学工程]