含锰废旧聚合物锂离子电池还原熔炼回收有价金属试验研究  

Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Mn-containing Lithium-ion Polymer Batteries by Reduction Smelting Process

作　　者：任国兴[1] 潘炳[1] 谢美求[1] 陈坚[1] 王奉刚[1] 肖松文[1] 

机构地区：[1]长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2015年第3期75-78,共4页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：中央企业电动车产业联盟共性技术项目(JS-211)

摘　　要：以含Mn较高的废旧聚合物锂离子电池为原料,基于Ca O-Al2O3-Si O2-Mg O渣型直接还原熔炼工艺分离回收其中的有价金属。试验结果表明,最佳工艺条件为：造渣剂中Ca O/Si O2比为0.75,Mg O含量5%,造渣剂用量为电池质量的2.0倍,焦粉用量为电池质量的0.1倍,熔炼温度1 450℃,熔炼时间15 min,此时Co、Ni、Cu回收率分别为96.03%、96.42%、93.40%。最合适的炉渣组成为Ca O/Si O2比为0.77~1.21,Al2O3含量9.55%~11.92%,Mg O含量4%左右。高的熔炼温度及炉渣碱度有助于Mn还原进入合金中,但本试验条件下Mn无法充分还原,仍主要进入炉渣中。Valuable metals were recovered from spent Mn-containing lithium-ion polymer batteries by direct reductionsmelting process,based on Ca O-Al2O3-Si O2-Mg O slag system. Under the following conditions： with Ca O / Si O2 ratio of0. 75 and Mg O content of 5% in the slag former,with slag former and coke powder at the dosage of 2. 0 times and 0. 1times of battery mass,respectively,smelting temperature of 1 450 ℃ and smelting time of 15 min,the recoveries of Co,Ni and Cu were 96. 03%,96. 42% and 93. 40%,respectively. The most suitable slag should be composed of Ca O /Si O2 at the ratio of 0. 77 ~ 1. 21,Al2O3 at the content of 9. 55% ~ 11. 92% and Mg O at the content around 4%. It can be seen that higher smelting temperature and slag alkalinity promoted the reduction of Mn O,however,Mn was still mainly remained in the slag due to an incomplete deoxidization under the test condition.

关 键 词：废旧电池 锂离子电池 还原熔炼 综合回收 钴 镍 锰 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]