石煤钒矿高效利用研究  

High-efficient Utilization of Vanadium-bearing Stone Coal

作　　者：周永兴 田宗平 曹健 李超群 邓圣为 陈铮 

机构地区：[1]湖南省地质测试研究院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2015年第3期111-114,118,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

摘　　要：采用湿法酸浸-离子交换除杂-铵盐沉钒工艺进行了石煤提钒实验,结果表明:当矿粉质量100 g、硫酸用量20 m L、浸出反应5 h、助剂A添加量2%,助剂B添加量1%时,钒浸出率达85%以上;洗液返回浸出原矿,硫酸用量可节省18%,不影响钒的浸出率;加入双氧水和硫酸镁净化浸出液,经过离子交换后,钒的浓度提高了约20倍,尾液含钒为原液的1/10;加入钒理论值3倍的氯化铵,沉淀钒,可得到纯度达98%的产品偏钒酸铵;浓缩后的离子交换尾液有较好的澄清作用,可用作净水剂;原矿中的铀、钍等有害杂质富集后可作为另一种原料单独存放;钒矿浸出尾渣适合做水泥配料。该工艺生产流程中几乎不产生有害废气,90%的废水可循环利用,实现了废水、废渣零排放。Experiment was conducted on extracting vanadium from stone coal by a combined wet process including acid leaching,purification by ion exchange and vanadium precipitation with ammonium salt. The leaching reaction for 5 hours with 100 g ore powder and 20 m L of sulfuric acid,by adding 2% A and 1% B promoters,can result in the leaching rate over 85% for vanadium. The washing liquor returned back to the leaching section can lead to a sulfuric acid consumption saving of 18% without any influence on the vanadium leaching rate. The leaching solution being purified by adding hydrogen peroxide and magnesium sulfate is subjected to the ion exchange process,resulting in the vanadium concentration increased by around 20 times and the vanadium concentration in tail washings reduced to only 1 /10 of that in primary liquid. With the addition of ammonium chloride 3 times of the theoretical value of vanadium in the process of vanadium precipitation,the product of ammonium metavanadate with purity up to 98% can be obtained. The tail washings from ion exchange process can be used as purifying agent due to its good effect in clarification. The harmful impurities including uranium and thorium in the primary ore could be stored separately after enrichment as another kind of material. The tailings after vanadium leaching process could be suitable for cement proportioning. The whole process,with little harmful emissions and 90% of waste water being recycled,results in zero discharging.

关 键 词：石煤 提钒 离子交换 酸浸 废水回用 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]