奶牛运动量辅助发情诊断参数的研究  

Study on Estrus Detection Parameter Based on Activity Record in Lactating Cows

作　　者：孙保贵[1] 郭予伟[1] 陈茂学[1] 林雪彦[1] 苏鹏程[1] 王中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2015年第13期71-75,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家现代农业(奶业)产业技术体系建设专项资金;山东省牛产业体系(SDAIT-12-01-06);山东省奶牛良种工程

摘　　要：从10个安装有运动量自动记录系统的奶牛场收集到4752头成母牛运动量记录数据,从中筛选出1702个完整发情期的无缺陷运动量记录,通过对胎次、季节、地区差异、发情周期阶段等因素对运动量影响的分析,提出了判定发情的运动量变化标准。结果表明:奶牛的运动量存在牧场、季节、地区之间的差异;随着奶牛胎次的增加,运动量明显减少;在奶牛的1个发情周期中,发情前、后各1 d和发情当天的运动量明显增加,其他各天运动量差异不显著;与奶牛发情周期内其他各天相比较,奶牛发情前1 d运动量平均增加20步,发情当天平均增加370步,发情后1 d平均增加70步。经非参数检验中位数法分析确定,用与前1 d运动量差值128步为判断发情标准,发情奶牛检出率大于90%,误判率低于3.7%。Data of more than 4752 adult cows were collected from 10 dairy farms installing automatic activity recording systems. A total of 1702 records covering complete estrus cycle were screened from these data and used for the analysis of the influence of parity, season, climatic region, days in estrus cycle on daily activity on lactating cows in the present study. The results indicated that cow activity varied with farm, seasons, climatic region, and decreased with the increase of parity. Only the activities of the previous day, the very day, and the day after cows in heat were increased and differed significantly with the other days in a complete estrus cycle （P〈0.01）. Activities of the previous, the very day in heat, and the day after increased 20, 370, and 70 steps respectively as compared to the average activity of the other days. The result of median test revealed that 90% detection efficiency with 3.7% inaccuracy was reached when taken 128 steps/d as the least activity increase compared to the previous day for heat day detection standard.

关 键 词：奶牛 运动量 发情诊断 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]