湖南水府庙水库流域景观格局与水质特征关系分析  

Relationship of Landscape Pattern and River Water Quality in Shuifumiao Reservoir Watershed in Hunan Province

作　　者：王明浩[1] 王文杰[1] 冯宇[1] 吴棣[2] 吴坤 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]长春工程学院水利与环境工程学院,吉林长春130000 [3]茂名市环境保护监测站,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2015年第4期333-340,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07510-001);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201209044-02)

摘　　要：以湖南水府庙水库流域为例,在土地利用类型遥感解译结果以及水质监测数据基础上,选用景观和斑块类型2个水平上的景观指数,采用Pearson相关分析法、典范式对应分析法等方法分析了该流域内景观格局特征,并探讨了景观格局与河流水质指标特征之间的关系。结果表明:1)研究区土地利用类型与河流水质指标显著相关,其中,林地面积所占比例与多数污染指标呈显著负相关;耕地、建设用地面积所占比例与各污染指标呈正相关。2)景观格局在景观和斑块类型水平上对水质的影响表现出差异性,其中斑块破碎度在2个水平上对水质的影响均较大;斑块形状的复杂程度与水质指标无明确相关性。3)景观格局在流域尺度上对水质影响的异质性表现在土地利用类型的空间分布以及各种景观类型的空间格局特征对河流中污染物源、汇的贡献和迁移转化影响的差异性。With Shuifumiao Reservoir watershed in Hunan province as study area,based on the land use remote sensing interpretation results and the water quality monitoring data and choosing landscape indices of landscape level and patch pattern level,the spatial analysis and statistical analysis,such as Pearson correlation analysis and canonical correspondence analysis,were integrated to analyze the landscape pattern characteristics in the watershed and explore the relationship between the landscape pattern and the river water quality characteristics. The results showed that there existed significant correlation between the land use types and the water quality in the study area,the proportion of forest land area was negatively correlated to most pollution indices,while the proportion of arable land and construction land area positively correlated to all pollution indices. The impact of landscape pattern on the water quality at landscape level and patch pattern level were different; the patch fragment at both levels had significant impact on the water quality,while the complexity of patch shape showed no significant relationships with water quality parameters. The impacts of landscape pattern on the water quality at the watershed scale werecharacterized by obvious heterogeneity which is reflected by the spatial distribution of land uses and the difference in the impacts of various landscape pattern spatial characteristics on the sources,sinks and transportation and transform of pollutants.

关 键 词：土地利用 景观格局 水质 Pearson相关分析 典范式对应分析 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]