氮素形态对云烟87生长和品质影响研究  

Study on the Effects of Nitrogen Forms on the Growth and Quality of Yunyan 87

作　　者：张伟[1] 张映杰 雷彬[1] 蔡明才[1] 曾宗梁[1] 白加林[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第19期52-54,86,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]探讨不同形态氮素对云烟87产质量的影响,为云烟87制定更科学的施肥方案。[方法]该试验于2014年在攀枝花市米易县开展,旨在探讨氮素形态对云烟87农艺性状、经济性状、外观质量、化学品质及协调性的影响。[结果]硝态氮与铵态氮配施比例各为50%时,能较大程度提高烤烟旺长期和成熟期的各农艺性状指标;在一定范围内增施硝态氮（30%~50%）,对产量、产值和中上等烟比例有明显提升作用,但当硝态氮施用比例超过50%后,烤烟产量、产值和中上等烟比例均逐渐下降。就提高烤烟的经济效益来看,施入铵态氮与硝态氮以各50%为宜。硝态氮施用比例从30%增加到50%,能明显提高各化学指标适宜性;中部叶烟叶总糖和还原糖含量分别降低了5.64%和7.43%,钾含量提高了8.98%;但硝态氮施用比例超过50%以后,各化学指标适宜性逐渐下降,总糖、还原糖和烟碱含量上升明显。[结论]总的来说,铵态氮和硝态氮施用比例各50%时,对云烟87烤烟产质量有明显改善作用。[Objective]The aim was to study the influence of different form nitrogen on Yunyan 87 yield and quality,and to develop a more scientific fertilization scheme for Yunyan 87.[Method]The experiment was carried out in Miyi County of Panzhihua city in 2013. The effects of nitrogen forms on Yunyan 87 agronomic traits,economic traits,appearance quality,chemical quality and consistency were investigated. [Result]The main results were as follows： the proportion ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen fertilizer was 50% can greatly improve the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco in Vigorous growing stage and mature period; adding nitrate nitrogen with a certain range（ 30% ~ 50%）,has improved significantly the yield,output value and proportion of superior tobacco. When the nitrate nitrogen ratio was more than 50%,the yield,output value and proportion of superior tobacco decreased gradually. The economic efficiency of flue-cured tobacco improved when the proportion of the ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen was 50%. The nitrate nitrogen ratio increased from 30% to 50%,can significantly improve the chemical index of suitability,but the nitrate nitrogen ratio was more than 50%,the chemical index suitability decreased,the contents of total sugar,nicotine and reducing sugar increased significantly. [Conclusion]In general,the ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen ratio of 50%had a significant effect on improving the yield and quality of Yunyan 87.

关 键 词：氮素形态 烤烟 生长 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]