天津地区典型地表水细菌污染状况与水质指标相关性研究  

Correlation between microbial contamination and water quality for typical surface water in Tianjin

作　　者：王华然[1,2] 杨忠委[2] 刘美霞[2] 钟启平[1] 尹静[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学基础医学院,天津300071 [2]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所天津市环境与食品安全风险监控技术重点实验室

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2015年第5期408-411,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAJ25B03-02)

摘　　要：目的了解天津地区典型地表水中指示菌、典型肠道致病菌及条件致病菌的污染状况及其与常规水质指标之间的相关性。方法分别于2012年8月(丰水期)和12月(枯水期),在天津地区海河主要支流(子牙河和北运河)、海河干流以及引滦河流域各选择3个采样点,分别对水样中的指示菌(菌落总数、总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌)、致病菌和条件致病菌(沙门菌、志贺菌、粪链球菌)以及水质常规理化指标(浊度、pH、水温)进行检测。结果按照GB/T 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》中对粪大肠菌群的要求,北运河中、下游,子牙河中游,海河干流中游为Ⅲ类水质,引滦河为Ⅰ类水质,其他断面为Ⅱ类水质。在丰水期北运河、子牙河、海河干流和引滦河的指示菌浓度高于枯水期,水温与菌落总数和总大肠菌群呈正相关关系,浊度与指示菌和沙门菌呈正相关关系,沙门菌和粪大肠菌群之间呈正相关关系。结论北运河、子牙河和海河干流受细菌污染较为严重;引滦河受细菌污染轻,适合作为水源水;温度和浊度对该地区水体微生物污染有初步指示作用。Objective To investigate the pollution of indicator bacteria,intestinal pathogenic bacteria and the conditional pathogenic bacteria, and the correlation between the conventional water quality indexes and bacteria of surface water in Tianjin. Methods Water samples were collected respectively from three sampling points of each river （the North Canal,Ziya River, Haihe River and Yinluan Canal） in August 2012 （high flow period） and December 2012 （low flow period）. Total number of bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia call, Salmonella, Shigella, Streptococcus faecalis , turbidity, pH and temperature of water samples were determined. Results The water quality of North Canal,Ziya River and Haihe River belonged to grade I1 to grade ]II ,while the Yinluan River belonged to grade [ . The detection rate of indicator bacteria was significantly higher during period of high flow than low flow. Water temperature was positively correlated with total number of bacteria and total coliforms, turbidity was positively correlated with indicator bacteria and Salmonella. Salmonella was positively correlated with fecal coliforms. Conclusion The North Canal,Ziya River and Haihe River present seriously microbial contamination. The Yinluan Canal is suitable for drinking water resource with less microbial contamination. Water temperature and turbidity can indicate preliminary microbial contamination of surface water.

关 键 词：地表水 细菌污染 致病菌 水质 相关性 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]