居民对重大事件影响的感知变化研究——基于上海世博会举办前后的比较  

Research on the Changes of Residents' Perception to the Impacts of Mega-event——Comparison between Pre-and Post-the World EXPO Shanghai

作　　者：辜应康[1,2] 杨杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学国际工商管理学院 [2]上海第二工业大学经济管理学院 [3]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院

出　　处：《经济管理》2015年第7期127-137,共11页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"重大事件对目的地形象的影响机制研究"(11YJC790231);上海第二工业大学"旅游管理"重点学科建设项目(XXKZD1303)

摘　　要：居民对重大事件影响的感知一直是事件旅游研究领域里的一个重点,而我国在这方面起步较晚,研究较零散且以截面数据分析为主,较缺乏居民对重大事件影响感知及变化的系统性纵向追踪研究。本研究以上海世博会为基础,通过构建居民对重大事件影响的感知测量量表,分别在上海世博会举办前一年和举办后一年对居民进行问卷追踪调查,获取919份样本。研究发现,居民对世博会影响的感知包含四个积极影响维度和三个消极影响维度;居民对世博会积极影响维度的感知总体上高于对消极影响维度的感知,但在世博会举办后强化了对世博会消极影响维度的感知。同时,依据居民对世博会影响的不同感知特征,可将居民划分为热情拥护者、理性支持者、反对者三种类型,其中,热情拥护者类型的比重在世博会举办后明显下降,理性支持者的比重明显上升,反对者的比重较小且未发生明显变化。本研究为居民对重大事件影响感知变化研究提供了新的证据与解释,有助于引发我国对居民这一重大事件的重要利益相关者的关注,同时,可为我国越来越多的举办各类重大事件的城市在评估重大事件影响与监测居民反应等方面提供参考。As a special kind of tourism resource, the mega-event with its important role in promoting the tourism image, accelerating the tourism industry and social and economic development of the host place is attracting the at- tentions of more and more countries＇ and regions＇ governments and organizations. As one of the most important stakeholders, the residents＇ perception to the impacts of mega-event has been always a key topic in the field of e- vent tourism research. However, China starts a little late in this field and the current researches are scattered and most of them are based on cross-sectional survey data, lacking of longitudinal follow-up study on the impacts of mega-event from the view of residents＇ perception. Based on the mega-event of World Expo Shanghai ,this research develops a measure on the impacts of mega-e- vent by residents＇ perception, and gets 919 samples by a tracking survey on Shanghai residents implemented before the World Expo （ in 2009） and after the World Expo （ in 2011 ） respectively, and then uses some quantitative statis- tical analysis methods, like the exploratory factor analysis, K-mean cluster analysis and independent sample t-test etc. ,to analyze the changes of residents＇ perception to the impacts of World Expo Shanghai, so as to disclose and verify the impacts of mega-event by residents＇ perception in a developing country. The results show that：the impacts of mega-event by residents＇ perception include 4 positive dimensions, like ＂promoting the tourism image＂, ＂completing the tourism infrastructures and facilities＂, ＂improving the economic benefits＂ and ＂adding cross-cultural communication＂, and 3 negative impacting dimensions, like ＂increasing the life costs＂ ,＂ adding social and environmental problems＂ and ＂impacting the local traditional culture＂. The residents hold a positive attitude to the impacts of the World Expo Shanghai on a whole ,where they have a highest perception on the dimension of ＂promoting the tourism im

关 键 词：居民 重大事件影响 感知变化 上海世博会 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]