水肥耦合对谷子幼苗形态和生理指标的影响  

Effects of coupling water and fertilizer on physio-morphological indices of foxtail millet at seedling stage

作　　者：呼红梅[1] 王莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第7期1917-1923,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2008BADA4B01);山西省引进优秀人才专项基金项目(2010);山西省留学基金项目(2011)资助

摘　　要：以"晋谷21"为试验材料,采用"3414"不完全正交设计进行谷子苗期盆栽试验,研究水肥耦合对谷子幼苗形态及生理指标的影响,探索不同水分供应条件下营养元素N、P、K含量及配比与谷子抗旱性的关系。从植物生长状况、渗透调节物质、保护酶活性及MDA含量考虑,谷子在轻度(40%)水分胁迫下施用N(100、150 mg N·kg-1)、P(87、130.5mg P·kg-1)、K(249、373.5 mg K·kg-1),在重度(20%)水分胁迫下施用N(100、150mg N·kg-1)、P(87 mg P·kg-1)、K(124.5、249 mg K·kg-1)有利于植物生长;轻度与重度干旱条件下,N、P、K配合施用其交互作用效果好于单独施用N、P、K,利于谷子抗旱;重度干旱条件下,施用N、P、K虽然可以促进谷子生长、提高抗逆性,但适宜的N、P、K肥料用量范围变小,过高用量会造成生理干旱。A pot experiment with ＂3414＂ incomplete orthogonal design was performed using fox- tail millet cuhivar Jingu 21 as material to study the effects of N, P, and K fertilization rates under different water supply levels. The results indicated that when drought stress was maintained at a mild level, the treatments of N （100, 150 mg N ~ kg-1） , P （87, 130.5 mg P · kg-1） and K （249, 373.5 mg K · kg-1） applications significantly improved the physiological characteristics of foxtail millets, the Contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein as well as the enzyme activities of POD, SOD and CAT in the foxtail millet seedlings were apparently increased, and the MDA con- tents were remarkably decreased. However, the physiological performance of foxtail millets exhib- ited better effects when the rates of N （100, 150 mg N · kg-1） , P （87 mg P· kg-1） , and K （124.5, 249 mg K · kg-1） were respectively supplied under heavy drought stress. Our data showed that when the plants were subjected to mild or heavy drought stress, the mixed application of N, P and K exhibited better reciprocation effects on the growth of foxtail millet at seedling stage compared to the single application of N, P, or K. This study suggested that under heavy drought stress, although applications of N, P and K could promote the foxtail millet growth by en- hancing the tolerance of plants to drought stress, the appropriate ranges of fertilization were nar- row, and excessive applications of fertilizers would cause physiological damages on the growth of foxtail millet.

关 键 词：谷子 幼苗 水肥耦合 形态指标 生理指标 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]