海南野生稻资源调查收集与保护  

Field Survey and Conservation of Wild Rice Resources in Hainan Province

作　　者：云勇 唐清杰[1] 严小微[1] 孟卫东[1] 王效宁[1] 林尤珍 

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业部海南野生稻科学观测实验站,海口571100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2015年第4期715-719,共5页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201003021);农业野生植物保护(2130135-201229);海南省重点科技项目(ZDXM2014029;ZDXM20120015)

摘　　要：为了加强海南野生稻资源的保护和研究利用,2002—2013年对海南省18市(县)野生稻资源进行野外调查、资源收集和原、异位保护。初步查明,目前在全省15个市(县)发现154个野生稻自然居群,其中普通野生稻136个、疣粒野生稻11个、药用野生稻7个。收集到野生稻居群87个,其中普通野生稻80个、疣粒野生稻4个、药用野生稻3个,总共2900余份野生稻种茎,经繁殖和编目后妥善保存于海南省农业科学院试验基地的热带野生稻异位保存圃中,并参照农业行业标准-农业野生植物原生境保护点建设技术规范,分别在文昌、琼海、儋州、万宁、陵水和保亭等县(市)建立了6个野生稻原生境保护点,其中普通野生稻4个,疣粒野生稻1个,药用野生稻1个。根据调查结果,对海南野生稻濒危状况及其根源进行了分析,提出了海南野生稻保护相关建议。To better conserve and utilize wild rice in Hainan,a survey on wild rice resources was conducted in18 counties in Hainan from 2002 to 2013. As a initial investigation,154 natural populations,which included 136 populations of Oryza rufipogon Griff.,7 populations of Oryza officinalis Wall. and 11 populations of Oryza meyeriana Baill.,were found in 15 counties in Hainan. During the survey,total 2900 accessions from 87 natural populations were collected and conserved ex-situ in the temporary field genebank for tropic wild rice established in the research base of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science. Meanwhile,6 in-situ conservation areas of wild rice,which contained 4 Oryza rufipogon Griff.,1 Oryza officinalis Wall. and 1 Oryza meyeriana Baill.,were set up in Wenchang,Qionghai,Danzhou,Wanning,Lingshui,Baoting respectively in accordance with the guidelines of technical specifications for in-situ conservation of agricultural wild plants issued by the Ministry of Agriculture. Besides,this paper analyzed the endangering status and the root causes of wild rice in Hainan,and provided suggestions for the conservation strategies of wild rice in Hainan.

关 键 词：野生稻 调查 收集 原生境保护 异位保存 

分 类 号：S511.9[农业科学—作物学]