甘肃河西走廊酿酒葡萄栽培区旱情时空特征差异分析  

Temporal-spatial Variation Characteristics of the Drought in Wine Grape Cultivation Areas in Hexi Corridor

作　　者：李雅善[1] 王振吉[1] 王艳君[2] 李华[2] 王波[1] 范树国[1] 

机构地区：[1]楚雄师范学院化学与生命科学学院,云南楚雄675000 [2]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2015年第4期50-56,共7页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31300370);云南省应用基础计划项目(2011FZ186);云南省应用基础计划项目青年项目(2012FD049);云南省重点建设学科楚雄师范学院重点建设学科基金项目(05YJJSXK03);云南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(IRTSTYN);楚雄师范学院学术后备人才项目(14XJRC21)

摘　　要：基于甘肃省河西走廊地区19个站点1959-2008年的气象观测资料,利用FAO推荐的Penman-Monteith方法及其提供的作物系数计算酿酒葡萄需水量,结合葡萄生育期内降雨量计算作物水分亏缺指数(CWDI)。参照农业干旱等级,分析了酿酒葡萄栽培区旱情发生的时空特征。并选取了酿酒葡萄需水关键期,进行了CWDI年际变化特征的分析。结果表明:酿酒葡萄生育期内,CWDI呈现先迅速升高,后略微下降,再上升的趋势,其中最大值出现在10月中旬。酿酒葡萄生育期内干旱呈现明显的阶段性和区域性分布特征,旱情程度最严重的情况发生在浆果生长期,研究区内西北部旱情相对较重,东南部稍轻。50a间,酿酒葡萄萌芽期1959-1973年旱情呈逐渐缓解的趋势,此后,旱情呈现增减反复交替的趋势。而在浆果生长期,旱情则是一直在缓解。The weather data of 19 stations from 1959 to 2008in Hexi corridor on Gansu Province were used to calculate the crop water requirement（ETc）of wine grape by the method commended by FAO,then to combine the precipitation to calculate the crop water deficit index（CWDI）.Based on these CWDI,according to the grade of agricultural drought,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of drought condition of wine grape were analyzed.Then the two critical periods of water requirement of wine grape were selected to analyze the inter-annual variations of CWDI.The results showed that CWDIrose fast initially,then decline slightly,after that rose slightly to the maximum value at the middle ten days of October.The drought presented significant seasonal and regional distribution characteristics.The most severe drought occurred during the period of berry development.The drought was relatively serious in the northwest of the study area,while the southeast was relatively mild.In fifty years,the drought relieved gradually in germination stage during1959 to 1973,hereafter the drought degree was either increased or decreased.And the drought relived all the time in the stage of berry growth.

关 键 词：河西走廊 酿酒葡萄 作物需水量 作物水分亏缺指数 干旱频率 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]