结核病实验室诊断进展  

The New Progress of Tuberculosis Laboratory Diagnosis

作　　者：张靖[1] 周兴悦 张厚亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学静海临床学院免疫科,天津301600

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2015年第3期34-36,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：结核病是一个全球性公共卫生问题。近年来结核病疫情呈明显上升趋势,现在中国成为全球22个结核病高负担国家之一。目前,皮试操作和结果存在主观性,可能降低其检查的准确性。本文旨在评价结核实验室诊断新进展在结核患者中的诊断价值,利用分子诊断及免疫学方法检测该病的最新方法。其中,分子学诊断包括结核特异性的核酸扩增检测、间隔区寡核苷酸基因分型法,痰液DNA直接测序法免疫学检测包括结核分枝杆菌抗体(IgG)生物微矩阵(芯片)法T-SPOT.TB等检测方法,利用分子生物学方法及免疫学检测来研究结核分枝杆菌的特异性标志,确定不同种类的结核分枝杆菌在人群中的流行趋势和分布情况。因此,寻找快速、高效诊断活动性结核病的诊断方法尤为重要,现对结核病实验室诊断方法及最新进展进行综述。Tuberculosis is a global public health problem. TB epidemic are showing a rising trend in recent years. Nowadays China has become one of the 22 countries which bear the high burden of TB tuberculosis- incidence country In addition, the subjectivity of the operation and result of the skin test may further reduce the accuracy of the inspection. This paper aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis Progress in tuberculosis patients in. New method to detect disease using molecular diagnostics and immunological methods. Among them, the molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis include specific nucleic acid amplification test, nucleic acid amplication tests NAAT, spacer oligonucleotide typing, Spoligotyping, sputum DNA sequencing methods include immunological detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody （IgG） biological microarray （chip） France T-SPOT. TB and other detection methods, the use of molecular biology and immunology to detect specific markers to study Mycobacterium tuberculosis to determine the different types of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the population trends and distribution, Therefore, It is especially important to find an efficient method for diagnosis of active tuberculosis. Now TB laboratory diagnostic methods and the latest developments are reviewed.

关 键 词：结核病 免疫检测 酶联免疫斑点技术 

分 类 号：R3[医药卫生—基础医学]