产权分离与产权分割——职务发明国防专利权归属的新思路  

Separation and Distribution of Property Right

作　　者：纪建强[1] 黄朝峰[1] 张继东[2] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学人文与社会科学学院,湖南长沙410074 [2]国防科技大学科研部,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2015年第13期106-110,共5页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11CGL115);湖南省社会科学基金项目(13JD05);国防科技大学科研计划项目(JC15-08-13)

摘　　要：权利归属是国防专利制度的核心问题,发明人的核心利益是智力成果收益问题。当前,国防领域职务发明权利归属不清,违背了智力财产私权性的法律原则,造成的结果是发明人失去了产权,国家损失了国防专利制度可能带来的收益,解决问题的关键是跳出"非此即彼"的权利归属思维定势,将国防专利权分为所有权、使用权、收益权和处置权,并在此基础上进行权利分割。国家拥有所有权,发明人拥有使用权和处置权,国家、单位和发明人共同拥有收益权,这既体现了法律的公平正义,又符合经济规律,做到了权、责、利相统一。Ownership is the core issue of national defense patent system, and the core interests of inventors are benefit of intellectual achievements. The current defense property rights is unclear, it violates legal principles, bruises the invention enthusiasm of inventors and blocks up the progress of our science and technology. The key to solve the problem is to es- cape from the mindset of either this or that, then divide the defense property rights into ownership, usufruct, income and disposition right, and split the right. The national owns the ownership, inventors own the usufruct and disposition right, national, organizations and individuals jointly own the income right. This method not only displayed natural justice of the law but also consistent with economic rules, do right, rest）onsihility, benefit United.

关 键 词：产权分离 产权分割 国防专利 职务发明 权利归属 

分 类 号：E252[军事—军事理论]