现代男子100m速度节奏特征的多维分析及其对训练的启示  

Multidimensional analysis on the velocity pacing characteristics in men 's 100 m sprint and its enlightenment on the sprint training

作　　者：姜自立[1] 李庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学体育部,北京100084

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2015年第3期98-104,共7页Journal of Shandong Sport University

摘　　要：对男子100 m速度节奏特征与能量代谢、步态特征、肌肉工作方式之间的内在联系进行深入的分析和讨论发现:"高速平稳单峰型"是现代男子100 m速度节奏的典型模式,能量代谢途径的转换是速度节奏变化的内在原因,步态特征的变化是转换能量代谢途径的有效方式,肌肉工作方式的改变是调整步态特征的基本途径。基于以上分析,本研究构建了男子100m跑的速度节奏模型,该模型对短跑训练的启示有:坚持"以长带短"的训练理念,强调速度训练的节奏变化,突出力量训练的专项特点,重视髋关节的柔韧性和灵活性训练。Through the methodology of literature,mathematical statistics,video analysis and expert interview,this paper analyzed and discussed the internal relations between the velocity pacing and the energy metabolism,gait characteristics,muscles＇ working way. This study showed that ＂ high-speed steady unimodal type＂ is the typical model of velocity pacing in modern men＇s 100 m sprint,and that the change in the velocity pacing can be ascribed to the transformation in the pathways of energy metabolism,and that altering the gait characteristics is an effective way to transform energy metabolism,and that change in the muscles ＇ working way is the basic pathway to adjust the gait characteristics. Based on the above- mentioned analysis,this paper compiled a velocity pacing model for modern men＇s 100 m sprinters,and it enlightens us that appreciating the training philosophy of improving sprint performance by increasing the training volume of mid- distance run,emphasizing change in running pace,highlighting the special characteristics in strength training,and paying more attention to the flexibility of hip flexors,is an effective way to improve sprint performance.

关 键 词：100m 速度节奏 训练 启示 

分 类 号：G822.1[文化科学—体育训练]