视觉取向的胜利——基于身体美学的古希腊体育反思  

The Victory of Visual Orientation:Reflection on Ancient Greek Sports Based on Body Aesthetics

作　　者：李金龙[1] 赵岷[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学体育学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西大同大学体育学院,山西大同037009

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第4期71-77,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"对西方体育竞赛表演化转型的文化学研究"(09CTY009);国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学研究项目"西方竞技体育表演化发展历程研究"(1673SS11081)

摘　　要：古希腊人通过眼睛来审视这个世界,认为视觉是最为高贵的一种感觉,同时也是最为重要的一种认识世界的方式。他们通过对人类身体的直观考察得出神同人类一样,只不过神比人更健壮强大,古希腊人视身体的强健为一种最本真的美,甚至于他们将这种美直接上升到裸体竞技比赛中,因为那些裸露的身体不但代表着一种美,而且也代表着一种文明。正是古希腊人的这种身体美学观念,使得他们在现实世界中通过种种竞技运动来塑造强健的身体,因为这种强健的身体既是神灵所喜欢和肯定的人类形象,同时也是人类生存和城邦安全的根本需要。每个人都有一个身体,而这个身体又是上天赋予的,因此相同身体的对抗既具有一种先天的公平性,又体现着一种原始的合法性。正是在这种逻辑体系下,古希腊人崇尚身体健壮的强者,视他们的行为具有一种天然的合法性。当然将这种身体的直接对抗放置在神圣的祭祀仪式中,不但体现着神灵的裁决与肯定,而且无形中也将全希腊人紧紧地凝聚在一起,在这种仪式视觉形式长期刺激下古希腊人形成了自己独特的视觉取向,而这种视觉取向也引导着希腊人创造了前所未有的辉煌与文明。Ancient Greeks examined the world with their eyes, and believed that vision was not only one of the most noble feeling, but also one of the most important ways of understanding the world. Through visual inspection on the human body, they found that gods were almost as same as human beings except that gods were stronger and more ro- bust than human beings. Ancient Greeks regarded a strong body as a kind of the most natural beauty, and they even broguht this beauty directly into the athletic competition, so they believed that the naked body not only represented a kind of beauty, but also represented a civilization in competitions. This kind of body aesthetic concept of the ancient Greeks made them create strong bodies in the real world through a variety of competitive sports, because this kind of strong body was not only the image that gods loved and recognized, but also the fundamental need of human survival and state security. Everyone had a body, which was given by god, so the same physical confrontation had an innate fairness, and embodied a kind of original legitimacy. Under this kind of logic system, the ancient Greeks ad- vocated the man with strong body, regarding that their actions were of natural legitimacy. Undoubtedly, placing the direct confrontation of the bodies in the holy saerificial ceremony not only embodied the judgment and affirmation of gods, but also virtually gathered all Greeks tightly togeth form, the ancient Greeks formed their own unique visual the unprecedented brilliance and civilization of Greeks. er. In the long - term encouragement of this ritual visual orientation, and this kind of visual orientation also led to the unprecedented brilliance and civilization of Greeks.

关 键 词：视觉 仪式 身体美学 竞技运动 

分 类 号：G802[文化科学—运动人体科学]