100种中草药水提物体外抑杀无乳链球菌的药效研究  

In vitro efficacy of aqueous extracts of 100 Chinese herbal medicines against Streptococcus agalactiate from tilapia

作　　者：华亚南 陈辉[1] 张其中[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所广东省高校水体富营养化与赤潮防治重点实验室,广州510632

出　　处：《生态科学》2015年第3期26-30,共5页Ecological Science

基　　金：广东省省级财政鱼病防治专项资金项目(201405001)

摘　　要：无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiate)对罗非鱼产业以及人类健康有重要威胁,为了减少抗生素抑杀无乳链球菌用量,试验了100种中草药水提物体外抑杀罗非鱼无乳链球菌的药效。结果表明,黄连、大黄、黄柏、乌梅、五倍子、防己、公丁香、天花粉、白头翁、鱼腥草和苏木水提药原液有明显抑菌效果,但将这些中药水提药液的pH值调至中性后,大部分中草药抑菌效果显著下降(p<0.01),甚至消失,仅黄连、公丁香、五倍子和防己药液在调节pH值后还有显著抑菌效果。采用二倍梯度稀释法测定pH值调至中性后仍有抑菌作用的4种中草药的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC),发现黄连的MIC和MBC值分别为3.125 mg·m L–1和6.250 mg·m L–1,效果最好;五倍子的MIC和MBC值均为6.250 mg·m L–1,效果其次;防己的MIC和MBC值均为25.000 mg·m L–1;公丁香的MIC和MBC分别为50.000 mg·m L–1和100.000 mg·m L–1。In order to reduce utility of antibiotics for control of Streptococcus agalactiate, which threatens human health and causes great economic losses of tilapia industry, the in vitro efficacy of 100 Chinese herbal medicines against this bacterium was studied to discover anti-S. agalactiate Chinese herbal medicine species by means of both disc diffusion method and a series of double dilution method. The eleven species among the 100 Chinese herbal medicines showed well antibacterial efficacy, which was affected by pH values of aqueous extracts of Chinese herbal medicines. The eleven Chinese herbal medicines were Rhizoma coptis, Cortex phellodendri, Polygonaceae radix, Fructus mume, Galla chinensis, Radix stephaniae, Flos caryophylli, Radix trichosanthis, Herba houttuynia, Radix pulsatilla, Lignum sappan. Among the eleven species, just 4 species, namely, R. coptidis, G. chinensis, F. caryophylli, and R. stephaniae, still had significantly antibacterial efficacy after their aqueous extracts pH values were adjusted to approximate 7.0, and R. coptidis was the best anti-bacterial medicine with the minimal inhibitory concentration（MIC） of 3.125 mg·m L–1, and the minimal bactericidal concentration（MBC） of 6.250 mg·m L–1, G. chinensis was the second with both MIC and MBC of 6.250 mg·m L–1, R. stephaniae ranked the third with MIC and MBC of 25.000 mg·m L–1, and F. caryophylli was the fourth with MIC of 50.000 mg·m L–1, and MBC of 100.000 mg·m L–1.

关 键 词：无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiate) 中草药水提物 抑菌效果 最小抑菌浓度 最小杀菌浓度 

分 类 号：Q939.1[生物学—微生物学]