不同基因型水稻氮效率与生育后期根系性状关系研究  

Study on the relationship between nitrogen use efficiency and root characteristics during late growth period in different genotypes of rice

作　　者：王强[1,2] 李炜[1] 贺帆[1] 曾建敏[1] 孙昊[1] 吴伟[1] 廉云[1] 王凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物生理与栽培研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [2]广西农业科学院水稻研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第11期23-28,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金海外杰出基金(30528005);广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSFBA118071);广西农业科学院基本科研扶持项目(桂农科2014YD06);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203029)

摘　　要：以两优培九、扬稻6号、珍汕97B、香晚、猫牙、丝苗、Ceys和IR4共8个水稻品种为供试材料,在盆栽条件下,采用4个氮肥水平,研究了抽穗期与成熟期主要根系性状品种间的差异及其与产量、氮效率的关系。结果表明,品种间水稻氮素吸收总量、干物质积累量差异显著;不同品种间根系性状差异显著,抽穗期氮吸收效率高的品种其不定根干重及吸收面积较大;根系性状与干物质重、吸氮量和稻谷产量成正相关。氮素吸收效率高的品种在生育前期有较大的根干重与根表面积;而氮素利用效率高的品种表现为在生育中期与后期均有较高的根系活性,增加了生育后期的干物质及氮素的积累量与转运量,氮素籽粒生产效率较高。Pot experiments were conducted with eight varieties of rice, including Liangyoupeijiu, Yangdao No.6, Zhenshan 97B, Xiangwan, Maoya, Simiao, Ceys and IR4 as materials under four nitrogen treatments. The differences of root traits at heading stage and physiology maturity stage were investigated, and the relationship between root characteristics and grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied. Results showed that total nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation were significantly different among eight rice varieties at heading stage and physiology maturity stage. The root characteristics were significantly different among the varieties. The varieties with high total N-absorbed amount at heading stage had higher adventitious root dry weight and total root absorption area. There was positive relationship between the root characteristics and shoot dry matter weight, total N-absorbed amount and grain yield, respectively. These results implied that the varieties with high nitrogen uptake efficiency were due to high root dry weight and total root absorption area during the early growth phase. While, the root activity of varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency were high during the middle-late growth phase, which accelerated the accumulation and translocation of nitrogen to panicles and grains and increased the total dry matter production and the grain yield, and then leaded to high nitrogen grain production efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻 品种 氮效率 根系 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]