黄土区两种植物篱不同部位土壤持水特征对比  

Comparison of Soil Water Retention Characteristics for Different Part of Two Kinds of Hedgerow System in Loess Area

作　　者：党宏忠[1] 党汉瑾 李卫[1] 冯伟[1] 莫保儒 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091 [2]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2015年第3期78-84,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑课题"农田水土流失生物防护关键技术研究"(2011BAD31B02)

摘　　要：[目的]研究植物篱不同部位土壤持水性能的分异特征,指导植物篱系统的设计与经营管理。[方法]在测定柠条、山杏两种典型植物篱土壤水分物理参数的基础上,利用van Genuchten模型比较分析植物篱系统带内、带间的土壤水分特征曲线及其参数。[结果](1)两种植物篱在土壤总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体含量、渗透系数等方面均高于耕地(对照),其中柠条植物篱带内土壤总孔隙度(66.36%)、水稳性微团聚体含量(35.50%)和有机质含量(44.1g/kg)比带间分别高7.34%,1.95%和25.64%。山杏植物篱的这3项指标带内比带间分别高11.93%,29.33%和21.48%。(2)柠条、山杏植物篱带内土壤脱湿过程中凋萎系数分别是耕地的7倍和3.25倍,田间持水量分别是耕地的1.46和1.25倍,柠条植物篱土壤保水优势更明显。(3)在相同的土壤水吸力下,土壤吸湿与脱湿过程中带内土壤的水分含量均明显高于带间,带内土壤的持水性更高,这与带内较高的黏粒含量相一致;柠条带内土壤水分含量高于山杏带内,二者均高于耕地。[结论]植物篱的二相结构能明显促进带内黏粒、微团聚体和养分的富集(有机质),进而提高带内土壤的持水性能和饱和渗透性能。[Objective]To study the differentiation characteristics of soil water retention in different part of the hedgerow system in order to provide guidelines for design and management of hedgerow systems.[Methods]Based on measuring the physical parameters of soil moisture for Caraganakorshinskii and Armeniacc sibirica,the soil water retention curve as well as derived parameters of in-band and inter-band of hedgerow System were compared by van Genuchten model.[Results]（1）The total soil porosity,water stable micro-aggregates content and soil permeability was higher for C.korshinskii and A.sibirica.hedgerows than farmland（as a check）.Soil properties from the in-band of C.korshinskii such as total soil porosity（66.36%）,water stable micro-aggregates content（35.50%）and organic matter content（44.1g/kg）were7.34%,1.95% and 25.64% higher than that from the inter-band,respectively.Similarly,the above three indicators from the in-band hedgerows of A.sibirica were 11.93%,29.33% and 21.48% higher than that from the inter-band hedgerows,respectively.（2）The wilting coefficient of C.korshinskii and A.sibirica was 7and 3.25 times of farmland,respectively,and the field capacity was 1.46 and 1.25 times,respectively,which display a more obvious advantages in soil water retention of farmland.（3）The soil water content of the in-band hedgerows was higher than that from the inter-band for both moisture absorption and desorption process with the same soil water suction,which was consistent with the content of soil clay.The in-band soil water content of C.korshinskii was higher than that of A.sibirica.They were both higher than that in the farmland.[Conclusion]The two-phase structure of hedgerows can significantly promote the enrichment of soil clay,micro-aggregates and organic matter in in-band hedgerows,which is the key mechanism to improve soil water retention and saturated soil permeability.

关 键 词：水分特征曲线 柠条 山杏 植物篱 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]